Viscoelasticity of personal care products

Balzer, D.; Varwig, S; Weihrauch, M

doi:10.1016/0927-7757(95)03144-3

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2. The same effect of climbazole was found with shampoo Figure 3 shows the effect of climbazole addition on the apparent viscosity of shampoo samples at a shear rate of 6.1 s )1 , which corresponds to the shampoo flow from the bottles [7]. It can be noted that the rate of viscosity fall for shampoo containing 1.5 wt% DS salt is more rapid than the shampoo containing 1.0 wt% DS salt.…”

Section: Dead Sea Shampoosupporting

confidence: 68%

Rheology of Dead Sea shampoo containing the antidandruff climbazole

Abu-Jdayil

Mohameed

2004

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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In this study, the effect of the antidandruff climbazole on the rheology of hair shampoo containing Dead Sea (DS) salt was investigated. The presence of either DS salt or the climbazole led to increase in the shampoo viscosity. An optimum concentration was found where the viscosity of shampoo was maximum. In the absence of DS salt, the viscosity of hair shampoo increased with increasing the climbazole concentration to reach a maximum value at 1.0 wt%. Further addition of climbazole decreased the viscosity of shampoo. Adjusting the pH of the shampoo at 5.5 and 5.0 shifted the optimum climbazole concentration (corresponds to maximum viscosity) to 0.8 wt% and led to increase in the viscosity of shampoo. On the other hand, the addition of climbazole to the shampoo containing DS salt resulted in a decrease in shampoo viscosity. This decrease of shampoo viscosity became more pronounced with increasing the climbazole and/or DS salt concentrations. By controlling the pH of shampoo, an optimum formula of shampoo comprising both climbazole and DS salt and having maximum viscosity was obtained.

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Section: Dead Sea Shampoosupporting

confidence: 68%

Rheology of Dead Sea shampoo containing the antidandruff climbazole

Abu-Jdayil

Mohameed

2004

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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“…Aqueous solutions of alkyl sulphate and alkyl ether sulphate surfactants, thickened with salt, are also viscoelastic. They usually behave like Maxwell fluids, with viscous and elastic properties . Balzer et al .…”

Section: Surfactant Phase Behaviour and The Role Of Surfactants In Rhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Balzer et al . show that understanding the balance of viscosity and elasticity can explain the stringiness of the product as it is dispensed.…”

Section: Surfactant Phase Behaviour and The Role Of Surfactants In Rhmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of shampoo surfactant technology: consumer benefits, raw materials and recent developments

Cornwell

2017

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

130

107

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Surfactants form the core of all shampoo formulations, and contribute to a wide range of different benefits, including cleansing, foaming, rheology control, skin mildness and the deposition of benefit agents to the hair and scalp. The purpose of this review was to assist the design of effective, modern, shampoo surfactant technologies. The mechanisms through which surfactants help deliver their effects are presented, along with the appraisal techniques through which surfactant options can be tested and screened for product development. The steps that should be taken to select the most appropriate blend of surfactants are described, and useful information on the most widely used surfactants is provided. The review concludes with an examination of recent developments in 'greener' surfactants, 'sulphate-free' technologies and structured liquid phases for novel sensory properties and for suspending benefit agents.R esum e Les agents tensioactifs sont les ingr edients de base de la plupart des shampooings, et contribuent de nombreuses mani eres a leurs performances et sp ecificit es : qualit e nettoyante, onctuosit e de la mousse, control de la rh eologie, sensation cutan ee ou bien d eposition d'actifs sur les cheveux ou le cuire chevelue. Le but de cette revue est d'apporter une assistance pour l' elaboration de surfactants innovants pour le d eveloppement de nouveaux produits capillaires. Les m ecanismes par lesquels les agents tensioactifs d elivrent leurs b en efices sont discut es, ainsi que les diff erentes techniques disponibles pour les tester et les s electionner dans le cadre de l' elaboration de nouveaux produits. Les diff erentes etapes qui devraientêtre prises en consid erations pour s electionner les agents tensioactifs les plus appropri es y sont d ecrites ainsi qu'une section r esumant les informations relatives aux agents tensioactifs les plus utilis es actuellement. En conclusion, la revue pr esente les d eveloppements r ecents autour de nouveaux agents ecologiques (ou « vert »), des technologies « sans sulfate » et des technologies « structured liquid phases » qui procurent de nouvelles propri et es sensorielles ou de suspensions.

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“…160 s −1 determined the resistance of the samples to being extended over the skin. [25] In vitro permeation studies Release experiments employed the FDC-6 Transdermal Diffusion Cell Drive Console (Logan Instrument Corp., NJ, USA). The system was fitted with VTC-200 heater circulator, with a jacketed vertical glass Franz diffusion cells being the main unit.…”

Section: Rheological Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of physical characterization, skin permeation of naproxen from glycofurol-based topical gel

Barakat¹

2010

Asian J Pharm

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I n view of good skin tolerability, glycofurol was used as a vehicle-based gel and its effect on the topical penetration of Naproxen (NAP) was investigated. The aim of this study was to develop a suitable gel with bioadhesive property, spreadability, and viscosity for a topical anti-inflammatory effect. Three gelling agents were examined: Carbopol 974P, Gantrez AN 119, and Polyvinylpyrroloidone PVP K30. Skin permeation rates and lag times of NAP were evaluated using the Franztype diffusion cell, in order to optimize gel formulation. The permeation rate of the NAP-based gel across excised rat skin was investigated. A significant increase in permeability parameters such as steady-state flux (Jss), permeability coefficient (Kp), and penetration index (PI) were observed in the optimized formulation containing 2% Transcutol as a permeation enhancer. From the skin irritation test, it was concluded that the optimized novel tetraglycol-based gel formulation was safe to be used for transdermal drug delivery. The developed naproxen / glycofurol-based gel appeared promising for dermal and transdermal delivery of naproxen and could be applicable with water-insoluble drugs, which would circumvent most of the problems associated with drug therapy.

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Viscoelasticity of personal care products

Cited by 43 publications

References 10 publications

Rheology of Dead Sea shampoo containing the antidandruff climbazole

Rheology of Dead Sea shampoo containing the antidandruff climbazole

A review of shampoo surfactant technology: consumer benefits, raw materials and recent developments

Optimization of physical characterization, skin permeation of naproxen from glycofurol-based topical gel

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