Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue association with metabolic syndrome and its components in a South African population

Matsha, Tandi E.; Ismail, Saaiga; Speelman, Aladdin; Hon, Gloudina Mary; Davids, Saarah F G; Erasmus, Rajiv T; Kengne, André Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.04.010

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Con icting results were generated for the effect of SAT on cardiometabolic factors [1,7,14,17,26,27]. In line with previous studies [26,28,29], our study showed higher SAT did not link to increased risk for hypertension, higher TG, and lower HDL-C beyond BMI. However, several studies from European or African population found that SAT had independent associations with high blood pressure and HDL-C [1,3,22], underscoring the distinct effect of SAT across ethnics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…However, several studies from European or African population found that SAT had independent associations with high blood pressure and HDL-C [1,3,22], underscoring the distinct effect of SAT across ethnics. For its contribution to T2D, some researchers reported that higher SAT levels were positively associated with 2-h plasma glucose, insulin levels in men, while other studies found that higher SAT was associated with reduced risk for metabolic syndrome and T2D in women [6,26,30], and no relevance was found in men, suggesting the gender difference of the effect of SAT. Also, there were some studies did not observe a signi cant association of SAT with the risk of prediabetes and T2D [7,17,27], but some of them did not control the effect of BMI [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gender-Specific Effect of Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissues on Cardiometabolic Risk in a Chinese Population

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundPrevious studies demonstrated that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) contributed to increased risks for multiple cardiometabolic factors. However, the effects of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were controversial. Furthermore, their effects were varied across sexes. The aim of this study was to examine the gender-specific effects of VAT, SAT, and VAT/SAT ratio on cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods1388 eligible subjects were recruited from a metabolic syndrome cross-sectional study in China. Areas of abdominal VAT and SAT were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). ResultsSAT, VAT, and VAT/SAT ratio had significant age-adjusted, positive correlations with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total triglycerides (TG), and inverse correlations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) except VAT/SAT ratio with FPG in men. After additional controlled by BMI, consistent results were found in VAT and VAT/SAT ratio except for VAT with FPG, however, women showed significant inverse correlations between SAT and SBP, DBP and TG. Higher SAT exhibited a significantly reduced risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in women, the ORs in third quartile (Q3) and fourth quartile (Q4) group were 0.3 (95% CI: 0.13-0.74) and 0.19 (95% CI: 0.07-0.54). Men had higher ORs of VAT, VAT/SAT ratio than women in higher TG, low HDL-C, and hypertension while the ORs of VAT/SAT ratio in men were lower than women in T2D. Conclusions SAT exhibited a beneficial effect on T2D. VAT and VAT/SAT ratio linked increased risks for high TG, low HDL-C, and hypertension, with men had a more pronounced effect than women. Distribution of abdominal fat associates with its biological effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Gender-Specific Effect of Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissues on Cardiometabolic Risk in a Chinese Population

Chen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Indeed, African Americans carry the genotype associated with higher D5D activity and they are consequently more efficient in the conversion of dihomo-γlinolenic acid (DGLA) to arachidonic acid (AA) than their white counterparts (20,21). Furthermore, despite having less visceral AT (14,(22)(23)(24)(25) and liver fat content (26), black South African (SA) women are less insulin sensitive than their white counterparts (22). This study represents a unique opportunity to investigate whether exercise-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity is associated with changes in circulating RBC and SAT FA metabolism in black women with obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Alters Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Desaturase Indices and Adipose Tissue Fatty Acid Profile in African Women with Obesity

Nankam

Mendham

Jaarsveld

et al. 2020

Obesity

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This study assessed the changes in red blood cell total phospholipid (RBC-TPL) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) fatty acid (FA) composition in response to 12 weeks of exercise training in South African women with obesity and the associations with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: Previously sedentary women were randomized into control (n = 15) or exercise (n = 20) groups. RBC-TPL and SAT FA profiles, SAT gene expression, systemic inflammatory markers, liver fat, and insulin sensitivity (S I) were measured before and after the intervention. Results: Compared with control, exercise training induced decreases in RBC-TPL dihomo-γ-linolenic acid content and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and increased delta-5 desaturase-estimated activity (P < 0.05). In the combined group, these changes correlated with changes in circulating leptin and TNF-α (P < 0.05), as well as lower liver fat (P < 0.01). Exercise training decreased saturated FA (lauric and myristic acids) and increased polyunsaturated FA (eicosadienoic and adrenic acids) (P < 0.05) in abdominal SAT, whereas γ-linolenic acid decreased (P < 0.01) in gluteal SAT. These changes in RBC-TPL and SAT FA compositions were not associated with changes in SAT gene expression and S I. Conclusions: Exercise training alters RBC-TPL desaturase activities, which correlate with lower liver fat and systemic inflammation but not with the improvement of S I .

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“…Abdominal adipose tissue can be differentiated into subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and VAT, which have different functions in lipid and glucose metabolism [7]. The VAT volumes are associated with the metabolic consequences of obesity [8,9], although investigations concerning SAT have revealed controversial results [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraperitoneal, but not retroperitoneal, visceral adipose tissue is associated with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional, retrospective pilot analysis

Tanaka

Okada

Hashimoto

et al. 2020

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Aim Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with adverse outcomes, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), classified into intraperitoneal VAT (IVAT) and retroperitoneal VAT (RVAT), is associated with insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the association of IVAT and RVAT with the prevalence or incidence of DM. Methods In this cross-sectional, retrospective, cohort study, the prevalence and incidence of DM was analyzed in 803 and 624 middle-aged Japanese participants, respectively. The cross-sectional area of the abdominal adipose tissue was evaluated from an unenhanced computed tomography scan at the third lumbar vertebrae, and the IVAT or RVAT was analyzed using specialized software. The areas were normalized for the square value of the participants’ height in meters and described as the IVAT or RVAT area index. Results The IVAT area index (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.02–1.07, per 1.0 cm2/m2) or IVAT/RVAT area ratio (1.89; 1.23–2.85, per 1.0) was independently associated with the prevalence of DM, whereas the RVAT area index was not. During a follow-up (mean) of 3.7 years, 30 participants were diagnosed with DM. The IVAT area index (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 1.02; 95% CI 1.003–1.04, per 1.0 cm2/m2) or IVAT/RVAT area ratio (2.25; 1.40–3.43, per 1.0) was independently associated with the incidence of DM, whereas the RVAT area index was not. Conclusions IVAT, but not RVAT, is associated with the prevalence or incidence of DM.

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Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue association with metabolic syndrome and its components in a South African population

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

The Gender-Specific Effect of Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissues on Cardiometabolic Risk in a Chinese Population

The Gender-Specific Effect of Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissues on Cardiometabolic Risk in a Chinese Population

Exercise Training Alters Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Desaturase Indices and Adipose Tissue Fatty Acid Profile in African Women with Obesity

Intraperitoneal, but not retroperitoneal, visceral adipose tissue is associated with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional, retrospective pilot analysis

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