Vis-A-Wis: Improving Visual Accessibility through Automatic Web Content Adaptation

Abstract

The accessibility of Web content is gaining all increasing interest and several research activities deal with standards and methodologies for enforcing Web sites accessibility and usability. In spite of all these efforts most of the actual Web sites are still not accessible at all. The reason of that is twofold: from oil side, most of Web site developers are unaware of the actual standards and methodologies for accessibility oil the other side, such standards are still too broad to address in in effective way all the accessibility issues. This paper attacks the Web accessibility problem following two different paths: (1) it focuses oil a subset of the accessibility issues, i.e., problems associated with hypo-sight and color-blindness, and (2) it provides means for automatically adapting, i.e., transcoding any existing Web page, increasing its accessibility with respect to the aforementioned disabilities

Reconciling user and designer preferences in adapting web pages for people with low vision

“…Some approaches deal with specific deficiencies like color vision deficiency [36] [38], while in our case, we aim to propose a general solution for low vision users.…”

“…WAI -ARIA (Web Accessibility Initiative Accessible Rich Internet Application [42]) is specialized in rich and dynamic interfaces (for example Javascript web user interfaces). Nevertheless, despite the efforts of some developers to comply with the standards, many websites have a low level of accessibility be cause the standards are too broad [36].…”

“…Some are dedicated to specific deficiencies, like color-blind ness in [36]. They often only consider low-level elements in the web page like [37,13] and simple description of end-user needs or no description at all.…”

Accessibility evaluation using WCAG 2.0 guidelines webometrics based assessment criteria (case study: Sebelas Maret University)

“…Accessibility means that people with disabilities can use the product.For more specific, accessibility is making a user interface could be absorbed (perceivable), could be operated (operable), and could be understood (understandable) by people with various abilities. Accessibility also makes the product more usable by the people in various situations, environments and conditions [10].…”

“…Website Web Initiative (W AI), was found by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) web accessibility and is defined as: "Accessibility means that people with disabilities are able to see, understand, navigate and interact with the web and they can contribute to the web [10]." Accessibility means that people with disabilities can use the product.For more specific, accessibility is making a user interface could be absorbed (perceivable), could be operated (operable), and could be understood (understandable) by people with various abilities.…”