Viruses of Asparagus

Tomassoli, L.; Tiberini, Antonio; Vetten, Heinrich‐Josef

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394314-9.00010-5

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…While AV‐1 and AV‐2 occur in many asparagus growing regions of the world, AV‐3 has been found only in Japan (Fujisawa ; Tomassoli et al. ). Furthermore, apart from infecting various other vegetables, Tobacco streak virus (TSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) have also been found infecting asparagus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Asparagus virus 1 in the Wild Relative Asparagus amarus

Nothnagel

Budahn

Krämer

et al. 2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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Five asparagus cultivars, three breeding lines and the wild relative Asparagus amarus were tested for natural infection by Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) in experimental fields at two locations over 3 and 4 years, respectively. In the first year after re-planting the annual crowns in the field, more than 90% of tested plants of cultivars were infected by AV-1. In the third and fourth year, 100% of tested plants of cultivars were AV-1 infected. In comparison, all plants of the wild relative A. amarus were completely free of AV-1, suggesting a high level of resistance. Additionally, 1-year-old glasshouse-cultivated plants of A. officinalis and A. amarus were placed in an AV-1 provocation cabin under field conditions. Seven months later, 100% of the A. officinalis plants showed a high virus concentration in ELISA, whereas no AV-1 was detectable in the A. amarus plants. This result was confirmed by highly sensitive AV-1-specific RT-PCR. To exclude vector resistance, the feeding behaviour of green peach aphid Myzus persicae was tested over 12 h using the electrical penetration graph method. Both asparagus genotypes were accepted by the aphids as potential hosts, but the feeding time was significantly longer on A. amarus. A genetic distance analysis of the various cultivars of Asparagus officinalis and selected wild relatives of the JKI collection was carried out, resulting in a clear discrimination of cultivars and wild relatives, especially A. amarus. The potential breeding value of the putative resistance carrier is discussed. IntroductionVirus infections are an underestimated problem in asparagus production because symptoms are often inconspicuous or plants are symptomless. Currently, ten viruses have been identified in garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) worldwide, including three Asparagus viruses (AV-1, AV-2 and AV-3) for which asparagus is the only natural host. While AV-1 and AV-2 occur in many asparagus growing regions of the world, AV-3 has been found only in Japan (Fujisawa 1986;Tomassoli et al. 2012). Furthermore, apart from infecting various other vegetables, Tobacco streak virus (TSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) have also been found infecting asparagus. Another four viruses -Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Strawberry latent ring spot virus (SLRSV) and Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), that are of minor importance in asparagus have been reviewed by Knaflewski et al. (2008) and Tomassoli et al. (2012).The potyvirus Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) is distributed worldwide and is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by aphids. Its main vector is the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, but it can be transmitted also by

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Asparagus virus 1 in the Wild Relative Asparagus amarus

Nothnagel

Budahn

Krämer

et al. 2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…AV-1 is associated with asparagus decline syndrome [18]. Epidemiological studies have shown that a mixed infection of AV-1 with AV-2 increases the susceptibility of A. officinalis to abiotic stress and fungal diseases [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete genome sequences of two biologically distinct isolates of Asparagus virus 1

2014

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The complete genome sequences of two asparagus virus 1 (AV-1) isolates differing in their ability to cause systemic infection in Nicotiana benthamiana were determined. Their genomes had 9,741 nucleotides excluding the 3'-terminal poly(A) tail, encoded a polyprotein of 3,112 amino acids, and shared 99.6 % nucleotide sequence identity. They differed at 37 nucleotide and 15 amino acid sequence positions (99.5 % identity) scattered over the polyprotein. The closest relatives of AV-1 in amino acid sequence identity were plum pox virus (54 %) and turnip mosaic virus (53 %), corroborating the classification of AV-1 as a member of a distinct species in the genus Potyvirus.

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“…Various viruses attack asparagus during cultivation (Knaflewski et al, 2008;Nothnagel et al, 2011), but the most important is Asparagus virus 1 (AV-1), which was first detected in Germany (Hein, 1960) and infects Asparagus spp. worldwide (Brunt et al, 1996;Tomassoli et al, 2012). AV-1 belongs to the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae, and is characterized by filamentous particles (Brunt et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is its most important vector and transmits AV-1 in a non-persistent manner (Fujisawa et al, 1983). Plants infected with AV-1 display no visible symptoms (Tomassoli et al, 2012) but yield and quality losses in infected asparagus reach economically important levels (Weissenfels & Schmelzer, 1976;Yang, 1979;Evans et al, 1989;Kegler et al, 1991;Lantos et al, 2018). Several authors reported 90-100% AV-1 infection in asparagus plantations (Bandte et al, 2008;Knaflewski et al, 2008;Tomassoli et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding behavior of Myzus persicae on asparagus species susceptible and resistant to Asparagus virus 1

Lantos

Schliephake

Krämer

et al. 2019

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Asparagus virus 1 (AV‐1) infects Asparagus officinalis L. (Asparagaceae) in the field worldwide. However, various wild relatives of A. officinalis are resistant to AV‐1. Here we study the behavior of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on 19 AV‐1‐resistant wild relatives of A. officinalis. We focus on behavior that is associated with regular cell penetration, relevant for inoculation of AV‐1, and sieve element penetration to check for vector resistance and its potential influence on AV‐1 transmission. Parameters, relevant for the transmission of non‐persistent viruses and host plant acceptance, were obtained by the electrical penetration graph technique. Furthermore, phylloclade architecture of A. officinalis and its wild relatives was examined to study its influence on aphid behavior. Behavior of M. persicae displays many cell penetrations and long ingestion periods on A. officinalis, compared to the generally shorter cell penetrations (reduced potential for virus transmission) and reduced or no ingestion (phloem‐located aphid resistance) on wild relatives. Because effects on aphid behavior are not consistent throughout the group of the tested wild relatives of A. officinalis, with some wild relatives being susceptible to M. persicae, a common genetic background for AV‐1 and aphid resistance appears to be unlikely. However, the reduced potential of virus transmission as well as aphid resistance shown by some wild relatives may be useful for future breeding programs.

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Viruses of Asparagus

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

Resistance to Asparagus virus 1 in the Wild Relative Asparagus amarus

Resistance to Asparagus virus 1 in the Wild Relative Asparagus amarus

Complete genome sequences of two biologically distinct isolates of Asparagus virus 1

Feeding behavior of Myzus persicae on asparagus species susceptible and resistant to Asparagus virus 1

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