Virus-like vesicles and extracellular DNA produced by hyperthermophilic archaea of the order Thermococcales

Soler, Nicolás; Marguet, Evelyne; Verbavatz, Jean‐Marc; Forterre, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2008.04.015

Cited by 116 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…1B). Although most spherical VLPs in Sfax salterns showed a clear virus-like morphology, we cannot rule out the possibility that some of these particles corresponded to DNA-containing membrane vesicles, such as the ones described as hyperthermophilic Archaea of the order Thermococcales (54). The number of spherical viruses decreased with salinity, while the proportion of tailed and "spindle-like" (also known as "lemon-shaped") viruses was higher in the M1 and TS ponds, which may indicate that this morphotype is better adapted to higher salinities (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Virioplankton Community Structure in Tunisian Solar Salterns

Boujelben

Yarza

Almansa

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The microbial community inhabiting Sfax solar salterns on the east coast of Tunisia has been studied by means of different molecular and culture-dependent tools that have unveiled the presence of novel microbial groups as well as a community structure different from that of other coastal hypersaline environments. We have focused on the study of the viral assemblages of these salterns and their changes along the salinity gradient and over time. Viruses from three ponds (C4, M1, and TS) encompassing salinities from moderately hypersaline to saturated (around 14, 19, and 35%, respectively) were sampled in May and October 2009 and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Additionally, for all three October samples and the May TS sample, viral metagenomic DNA was cloned in fosmids, end sequenced, and analyzed. Viral concentration, as well as virus-to-cell ratios, increased along the salinity gradient, with around 10 10 virus-like particles (VLPs)/ml in close-to-saturation ponds, which represents the highest viral concentration reported so far for aquatic systems. Four distinct morphologies could be observed with TEM (spherical, tailed, spindled, and filamentous) but with various proportions in the different samples. Metagenomic analyses indicated that every pond harbored a distinct viral assemblage whose G؉C content could be roughly correlated with that of the active part of the microbial community that may have constituted the putative hosts. As previously reported for hypersaline metaviromes, most sequences did not have matches in the databases, although some were conserved among the Sfax metaviromes. BLASTx, BLASTp, and dinucleotide frequency analyses indicated that (i) factors additional to salinity could be structuring viral communities and (ii) every metavirome had unique gene contents and dinucleotide frequencies. Comparison with hypersaline metaviromes available in the databases indicated that the viral assemblages present in close-to-saturation environments located thousands of kilometers apart presented some common traits among them in spite of their differences regarding the putative hosts. A small core metavirome for close-to-saturation systems was found that contained 7 sequences of around 100 nucleotides (nt) whose function was not hinted at by in silico search results, although it most likely represents properties essential for hyperhalophilic viruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Virioplankton Community Structure in Tunisian Solar Salterns

Boujelben

Yarza

Almansa

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…However, we could not detect any specific DNA associated with the membrane vesicles (unpublished results). In contrast, in a recent report on virus-like vesicles derived from Thermococcales it was suggested that these specifically contain DNA (Soler et al 2008). In this respect it would be of interest to analyse the proteome of these vesicles and compare them to the vesicles derived from crenarchaeota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Proteomic analysis of secreted membrane vesicles of archaeal Sulfolobus species reveals the presence of endosome sorting complex components

et al. 2008

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The crenarchaea Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, S. solfataricus and S. tokodaii, release membrane vesicles into the medium. These membrane vesicles consist of tetraether lipids and are coated with an S-layer. A proteomic analysis reveals the presence of proteins homologous to subunits of the eukaryotic endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT). Immunodetection of one of these homologs suggest a cell surface localization in intact cells. These data suggest that the membrane vesicles in Sulfolobus sp. emerge from a specific budding process with similarity to the endosomal sorting pathway.

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“…2B and C), as these proteins are found to be released in vesicles (17,51). Interestingly, the absence of ESCRT-IIIlike homologues in some vesicle-producing archaea (such as the Thermococcales) suggests that multiple vesicle release mechanisms may exist (BLAST [86]). We focus our discussion on the currently proposed mechanism of archaeal MV release, thought to be modulated by ESCRT-III-like proteins.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Vesicle Biogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Vesicle Release in Bacteria, Eukaryotes, and Archaea: a Conserved yet Underappreciated Aspect of Microbial Life

2012

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ABSTRACTInteraction of microbes with their environment depends on features of the dynamic microbial surface throughout cell growth and division. Surface modifications, whether used to acquire nutrients, defend against other microbes, or resist the pressures of a host immune system, facilitate adaptation to unique surroundings. The release of bioactive membrane vesicles (MVs) from the cell surface is conserved across microbial life, in bacteria, archaea, fungi, and parasites. MV production occurs not onlyin vitrobut alsoin vivoduring infection, underscoring the influence of these surface organelles in microbial physiology and pathogenesis through delivery of enzymes, toxins, communication signals, and antigens recognized by the innate and adaptive immune systems. Derived from a variety of organisms that span kingdoms of life and called by several names (membrane vesicles, outer membrane vesicles [OMVs], exosomes, shedding microvesicles, etc.), the conserved functions and mechanistic strategies of MV release are similar, including the use of ESCRT proteins and ESCRT protein homologues to facilitate these processes in archaea and eukaryotic microbes. Although forms of MV release by different organisms share similar visual, mechanistic, and functional features, there has been little comparison across microbial life. This underappreciated conservation of vesicle release, and the resulting functional impact throughout the tree of life, explored in this review, stresses the importance of vesicle-mediated processes throughout biology.

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Virus-like vesicles and extracellular DNA produced by hyperthermophilic archaea of the order Thermococcales

Cited by 116 publications

References 39 publications

Virioplankton Community Structure in Tunisian Solar Salterns

Virioplankton Community Structure in Tunisian Solar Salterns

Proteomic analysis of secreted membrane vesicles of archaeal Sulfolobus species reveals the presence of endosome sorting complex components

Membrane Vesicle Release in Bacteria, Eukaryotes, and Archaea: a Conserved yet Underappreciated Aspect of Microbial Life

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