Virulent African horse sickness virus serotype 4 interferes with the innate immune response in horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

Faber, Erika; Tshilwane, Selaelo Ivy; Kleef, Mirinda Van; Pretorius, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104836

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…However, the observed B cell depletion could also be due to the generalised necrosis seen in infected spleens, or a dysfunctional immune response. Lymphoid depletion is a common feature of AHSV infection in horses ( 13 , 33 ), and there is also evidence a dysfunctional immune response is partially responsible for the pathology observed in equine hosts ( 19 , 34 ), but more research is needed. Immunofluorescence results show only limited presence of the virus in the spleen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological features of African horse sickness virus infection in IFNAR−/− mice

et al. 2023

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African Horse Sickness (AHS) is a vector-borne viral disease of equids. The disease can be highly lethal with mortality rates of up to 90% in non-immune equine populations. The clinical presentation in the equine host varies, but the pathogenesis underlying this variation remains incompletely understood. Various small animal models of AHS have been developed over the years to overcome the financial, bio-safety and logistical constraints of studying the pathology of this disease in the target species. One of the most successful small animal models is based on the use of interferon-alpha gene knock-out (IFNAR−/−) mice. In order to increase our understanding of African Horse Sickness virus (AHSV) pathogenesis, we characterised the pathology lesions of AHSV infection in IFNAR−/− mice using a strain of AHSV serotype 4 (AHSV-4). We found AHSV-4 infection was correlated with lesions in various organs; necrosis in the spleen and lymphoid tissues, inflammatory infiltration in the liver and brain, and pneumonia. Significant viral antigen staining was only detected in the spleen and brain, however. Together these results confirm the value of the IFNAR−/− mouse model for the study of the immuno-biology of AHSV infections in this particular in vivo system, and its usefulness for evaluating protective efficacy of candidate vaccines in preclinical studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. and there is also evidence a dysfunctional immune response is partially responsible for the pathology observed in equine hosts (19,34), but more research is needed. Immunofluorescence results show only limited presence of the virus in the spleen.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathological features of African horse sickness virus infection in IFNAR−/− mice

et al. 2023

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“…The control of the disease is similar to other vector-borne diseases and varies according to location. The OIE can officially recognize countries as being AHS-free upon request after meeting specific criteria, including no cases of infection in the previous two years, no routine vaccination during the past year, and restrictions on imported equids [19,32,33]. Alternatively, a Member Country can apply for recognition as being historically free of the virus [32].…”

Section: African Horse Sicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OIE can officially recognize countries as being AHS-free upon request after meeting specific criteria, including no cases of infection in the previous two years, no routine vaccination during the past year, and restrictions on imported equids [19,32,33]. Alternatively, a Member Country can apply for recognition as being historically free of the virus [32]. AHS is the only equine disease for which countries can obtain this status [19,33].…”

Section: African Horse Sicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences

Clemmons

Alfson

Dutton

2021

Animals

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Animals provide food and other critical resources to most of the global population. As such, diseases of animals can cause dire consequences, especially disease with high rates of morbidity or mortality. Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) are highly contagious or transmissible, epidemic diseases, with the potential to spread rapidly across the globe and the potential to cause substantial socioeconomic and public health consequences. Transboundary animal diseases can threaten the global food supply, reduce the availability of non-food animal products, or cause the loss of human productivity or life. Further, TADs result in socioeconomic consequences from costs of control or preventative measures, and from trade restrictions. A greater understanding of the transmission, spread, and pathogenesis of these diseases is required. Further work is also needed to improve the efficacy and cost of both diagnostics and vaccines. This review aims to give a broad overview of 17 TADs, providing researchers and veterinarians with a current, succinct resource of salient details regarding these significant diseases. For each disease, we provide a synopsis of the disease and its status, species and geographic areas affected, a summary of in vitro or in vivo research models, and when available, information regarding prevention or treatment.

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“…The survival of virus-infected PBMC together with impaired innate immune responses and an unregulated inflammatory response likely give rise to an excessive inflammatory response that causes immunopathology that might contribute to the pathogenesis of AHS in a naïve horse. In contrast, AHSV4-infected PBMC were eliminated via apoptosis during the attenuated AHSV4 (attAHSV4) primary and secondary immune responses and the virAHSV4 secondary immune response (Faber et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis versus survival of African horse sickness virus serotype 4-infected horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells

et al. 2022

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Virulent African horse sickness virus serotype 4 interferes with the innate immune response in horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro

Cited by 5 publications

References 85 publications

Pathological features of African horse sickness virus infection in IFNAR−/− mice

Pathological features of African horse sickness virus infection in IFNAR−/− mice

Transboundary Animal Diseases, an Overview of 17 Diseases with Potential for Global Spread and Serious Consequences

Apoptosis versus survival of African horse sickness virus serotype 4-infected horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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