Apoptosis versus survival of African horse sickness virus serotype 4-infected horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Faber, Erika; Tshilwane, Selaelo Ivy; Kleef, Mirinda Van; Pretorius, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198609

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, the observed B cell depletion could also be due to the generalised necrosis seen in infected spleens, or a dysfunctional immune response. Lymphoid depletion is a common feature of AHSV infection in horses ( 13 , 33 ), and there is also evidence a dysfunctional immune response is partially responsible for the pathology observed in equine hosts ( 19 , 34 ), but more research is needed. Immunofluorescence results show only limited presence of the virus in the spleen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. and there is also evidence a dysfunctional immune response is partially responsible for the pathology observed in equine hosts (19,34), but more research is needed. Immunofluorescence results show only limited presence of the virus in the spleen.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study involving the use of recombinant viruses established that certain proteins play a particularly key role in pathogenicity; the two outer capsid proteins, VP2 and VP5, as well as NS3/NS3a (7). One recent study indicates that pathogenesis may also be linked to the dysfunctional immune response of the host to infection, influenced by the viral ability to modulate apoptosis in infected cells (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathological features of African horse sickness virus infection in IFNAR−/− mice

et al. 2023

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African Horse Sickness (AHS) is a vector-borne viral disease of equids. The disease can be highly lethal with mortality rates of up to 90% in non-immune equine populations. The clinical presentation in the equine host varies, but the pathogenesis underlying this variation remains incompletely understood. Various small animal models of AHS have been developed over the years to overcome the financial, bio-safety and logistical constraints of studying the pathology of this disease in the target species. One of the most successful small animal models is based on the use of interferon-alpha gene knock-out (IFNAR−/−) mice. In order to increase our understanding of African Horse Sickness virus (AHSV) pathogenesis, we characterised the pathology lesions of AHSV infection in IFNAR−/− mice using a strain of AHSV serotype 4 (AHSV-4). We found AHSV-4 infection was correlated with lesions in various organs; necrosis in the spleen and lymphoid tissues, inflammatory infiltration in the liver and brain, and pneumonia. Significant viral antigen staining was only detected in the spleen and brain, however. Together these results confirm the value of the IFNAR−/− mouse model for the study of the immuno-biology of AHSV infections in this particular in vivo system, and its usefulness for evaluating protective efficacy of candidate vaccines in preclinical studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%