Virulence Structure and Genetic Diversity of Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae from Different Regions of Europe

Cieplak, Magdalena; Nucia, Aleksandra; Ociepa, Tomasz; Okoń, Sylwia

doi:10.3390/plants11101358

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…was induced by R-genes carried by the hosts [63], but in other studies on wheat powdery mildew (Blumeriella graminis (DC.) Speer), virulence frequencies did not tend to correspond to population structure [64,65]. The latter case was explained by the low levels of resistance and thus expressed evolutionary pressure by the host population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Strong Genetic Differentiation between Generalist Populations of Venturia inaequalis and Populations from Partially Resistant Apple Cultivars Carrying Rvi3 or Rvi5

et al. 2022

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The ascomycete fungus Venturia inaequalis causes scab disease, a major problem in apple production. The utilization of resistant cultivars is hindered by emerging new pathogen races, which erode their resistance. Increasing our knowledge on the population genetic processes of the fungus can contribute to the development of resistance gene deployment strategies and more durable resistance. We investigated the effect of four scab race indicator cultivars, ‘Gala’ (no R-gene), ‘Golden Delicious’ (Rvi1), ‘Geneva’ (Rvi3, complex), and OR45t132 (Rvi5), on the V. inaequalis population genetic structure and diversity. Sixty-six monosporic fungal isolates from the four cultivars were genotyped with seven simple sequence repeat primers. Furthermore, the partial resistance of the indicators and the pathogenicity profile of the conidia from each host were assessed. The genetic diversity and structure of the investigated V. inaequalis subpopulations correspond to the partial resistance of the original hosts as well as the subpopulations’ pathogenicity profiles. Indicators carrying Rvi3 and Rvi5 had strongly diverged and specialized V. inaequalis populations on them and fewer symptoms on the field. In line with the complete breakdown of the Rvi1 gene, the population from ‘Golden Delicious’ did not segregate from the susceptible ‘Gala’, and virulence towards Rvi1 was present in all subpopulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Strong Genetic Differentiation between Generalist Populations of Venturia inaequalis and Populations from Partially Resistant Apple Cultivars Carrying Rvi3 or Rvi5

et al. 2022

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“…Okoń et al [ 17 ] and Cieplak et al [ 33 ] showed that the resistance of the Pm12 gene is maintained at a level that allows for a satisfactory protection of plants against B. graminis f. sp. avenae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal Location of Pm12—A Novel Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene from Avena sterilis

Ociepa

Okoń

2022

Genes

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Identification of new, effective disease resistance genes is a very important aspect of plant breeding. Also important is the precise location of individual loci and tagging them with DNA markers for marker assisted selection. The aim of the present study was identification of the molecular markers linked with Pm12, a new effective resistance gene to powdery mildew, and their location in the oat genome. The analysis was performed on 167 F2 individuals from a hybrid of Fuchs × CN67383, with the status of the locus in each individual verified by progeny test in F3. Segregation ratios confirmed the monogenic nature of resistance. Making use of the sequence data of DNA markers and the oat OT3098 v2 genome reference assembly, Pm12 is located on chromosome 7C. A comparison was also made with the reference consensus map, to which there are more reports of mapped genes to date. The mapping results suggest that Pm12 is located in the interval 103.8–111.7 cM on this map. No powdery mildew resistance locus has been identified in this region so far, suggesting that Avena sterilis CN67383 carries a novel locus offering effective resistance in oat breeding. The information included in the oat genome annotation allowed for the identification of candidate genes in the close region of the marker cluster for Pm12. This information may provide an interesting source of further analysis of the pathways of various genes in response to the stress of powdery mildew infection.

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“…Oat cultivars with the Pm7 gene respond differently to infection with Bga. For example, Bga virulence studies conducted in recent years have shown that the variety 'Canyon' exhibits a different infection profile in response to pathogen attack than the ARP122 line used as a control line in many studies of this type (Okoń et al 2021;Cieplak et al 2022). This may suggest a new allelic form of the Pm7 gene, which could be caused by recombination within the introduced segment leading to some susceptibility to races that are not virulent for Pm7 in APR122.…”

Section: Pm7 Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 on oat chromosome 1D

Schurack,

Beuch,

Cowan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Powdery mildew, caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. avenae, is a widespread disease of oats, especially in the temperate regions of Western and Central Europe, and the use of resistant varieties is the most sustainable way to ensure stable yields. Therefore, the identification of robust and effective resistance to powdery mildew is of great interest for oat breeding. In contrast to race-specific resistance genes, adult plant resistance (APR) is generally considered to be more durable. The oat variety Firth, as well as related varieties such as Husky or Flamingstip, contains an unknown APR gene, which was previously located on chromosome 1D using DArT markers. The aim of this study was to confirm and refine the chromosomal location of this resistance gene, tentatively named Pm13. To this end, two independent experiments were carried out using different genetic material under natural infection conditions in the field: genome-wide association mapping (GWAS) in a diverse set of 250 oat lines grown in ten environments and QTL mapping in a HuskyxAVE1284 bi-parental population grown in three environments. Both approaches identified a QTL for powdery mildew resistance on the distal end of chromosome 1D in the hexaploid Sang oat genome. The locus explained up to 15 % of the phenotypic variance in GWAS and 64 % of the phenotypic variance in QTL mapping. Comparison of field data with results from laboratory leaf segment tests confirmed that Pm13 does indeed confer APR. The sequence information of the identified linked markers may allow the development of molecular markers useful for early selection of oat lines with high levels of APR.

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Virulence Structure and Genetic Diversity of Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae from Different Regions of Europe

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Strong Genetic Differentiation between Generalist Populations of Venturia inaequalis and Populations from Partially Resistant Apple Cultivars Carrying Rvi3 or Rvi5

Strong Genetic Differentiation between Generalist Populations of Venturia inaequalis and Populations from Partially Resistant Apple Cultivars Carrying Rvi3 or Rvi5

Chromosomal Location of Pm12—A Novel Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene from Avena sterilis

Genetic mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm13 on oat chromosome 1D

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