Virulence strategies of phytopathogenic bacteria and their role in plant disease pathogenesis

Benali, Setti; Bencheikh, Mohamed; Eddine, Henni Jamel

doi:10.5897/ajmr2014.6935

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In fungi and oomycetes, effectors are produced and released by haustoria, which also function as intracellular feeding structures (Wang et al, 2017). In bacterial pathogens, effector proteins are secreted via six secretory systems (Setti et al, 2014). For instance, the type two secretory system (T2SS) also known as sec dependent system release the apoplastic effectors, cell wall degrading enzymes and other hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulases, xylanases, amylases and proteases (Setti et al, 2014;Pfeilmeier et al, 2016).…”

Section: S-nitrosylation Exploited By the Host And Pathogen During Immuno Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In bacterial pathogens, effector proteins are secreted via six secretory systems (Setti et al, 2014). For instance, the type two secretory system (T2SS) also known as sec dependent system release the apoplastic effectors, cell wall degrading enzymes and other hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulases, xylanases, amylases and proteases (Setti et al, 2014;Pfeilmeier et al, 2016). Whereas the type three secretory system (T3SS) is the molecular machinery that delivers cytoplasmic effectors into host cells.…”

Section: S-nitrosylation Exploited By the Host And Pathogen During Immuno Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in the regulation of plant immunity by S-nitrosylation

Lubega

Umbreen

Loake

2020

Journal of Experimental Botany

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S-nitrosylation, the addition of a nitric oxide (NO) moiety to a reactive protein cysteine (Cys) thiol, to form a protein S-nitrosothiol (SNO), is emerging as a key regulatory post-translational modification (PTM) to control the plant immune response. NO also S-nitrosylates the antioxidant tripeptide, glutathione (GSH), to form S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), both a storage reservoir of NO bioactivity and a natural NO donor. GSNO and by extension, S-nitrosylation, is controlled by GSNO reductase1 (GSNOR1). The emerging data suggests that GSNOR1 itself is a target of NO-mediated S-nitrosylation, which subsequently controls its selective autophagy, regulating cellular protein SNO levels. Recent findings also suggest that S-nitrosylation may be deployed by pathogen-challenged host cells to counteract the effect of delivered microbial effector proteins, that promote pathogenesis and by the pathogens themselves to augment virulence. Significantly, it also appears that S-nitrosylation may regulate plant immune functions by controlling SUMOylation, a peptide-based PTM. In this context, global SUMOylation is regulated by S-nitrosylation of SUMO Conjugating Enzyme 1 (SCE1) at Cys 139. This redox-based PTM has also been shown to control the function of a key zinc finger transcriptional regulator during the establishment of plant immunity. Here, we provide an update of these recent advances.

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Section: S-nitrosylation Exploited By the Host And Pathogen During Immuno Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S-nitrosylation Exploited By the Host And Pathogen During Immuno Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the regulation of plant immunity by S-nitrosylation

Lubega

Umbreen

Loake

2020

Journal of Experimental Botany

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“…Phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes deliver their effectors employing the transport system of the plant cell [60,61]. The struc ture, characteristics, and features of individual system types delivering pathogen effectors into the cell have been described in detail in several reviews [62][63][64].…”

Section: Effector Triggered Immunity Etimentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular–genetic aspects of plant immunity to phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi

Shafikova

Omelichkina

2015

Russ J Plant Physiol

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Recent investigations in phytoimmunology have extended the classical views on plant immunity, thus providing the modern concept of phytoimmunity. According to the current vision, the protection of plant organisms against pathogen attacks is determined by functioning of multilayered immune system in combination with structures and mechanisms of specific and nonspecific innate immunity. Perception by plant membrane receptors of the conserved molecular patterns associated with microorganisms, as well as perception of molecules released from the host cell walls under the impact of pathogen hydrolytic enzymes, constitutes the basal (nonspecific) immunity of plants. Detection of pathogen effector molecules by intrac ellular plant receptors triggers specific immunity reactions, including the development of hypersensitive response, systemic resistance, and the immune memory. Virulence factors alongside with the strategies of pathogen attack, on the one hand, and the components of plant immune system, on the other hand, are the result of a permanent coevolution reminiscent of "an arms race and counterattacks" between the warring par ties. The basic molecular-genetic aspects of specific and nonspecific immunity in plants exposed to fungal and bacterial phytopathogens are discussed in the light of modern advances in phytoimmunology.

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“…Ten strains purified Ascochyta pisi were retained which represent a random sample representative of the areas and visited varieties (Setti et al 2012).…”

Section: Strains Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Algeria the anthracnose caused by Ascochyta spp, a disease feared by farmers, but recent studies have shown the spread of anthracnose (Setti et al 2008;Setti et al 2010;Setti et al 2011). During the spring of 2012, continuous rains, accompanied by lower temperatures, a period that has characterized the region of Oran (western Algeria), has fostered the emergence of anthracnose pulses, including small peas (Setti et al 2012). Tivoli et al (1996), reported that the free water on the leaves promotes sporulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and physicochemical test studies of Ascochyta pisi

2015

Int. J. Biosci.

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Anthracnose caused by pea Ascocgyta pisi is one of the most serious diseases affecting crops of peas (Pisum sativum L.) worldwide. In Algeria, more precisely in the north-west, quantitative data on the incidence of the disease is not available; it proved essential as a first step to isolate the pathogen and study in vitro the physicochemical factors affecting its growth. 10 strains were selected from 32 isolates from infected plants. The results indicate that the degree of the temperature of incubation affects the mycelia growth, at 4°C, mycelia growth was slowed and 37 °C inhibits the mycelia growth. We recorder that the optimum growth is between 22 and 25°C. Relative humidity affects the mycelia growth of the strains, the rate ≤ 50%, it is low at 74%, it is average, and other rate ≥ 80%, and it is optimal.. The usual media used (PDA, Malt, Mathur) give a good mycelia growth of the strains, but some have very low growth in the middle of pea; Overall, the usual empirical media used do not affect the mycelia growth of the strains. All strains assimilate the different carbon sources, however, is optimal mycelia growth on the (lactose, maltose and starch), the average (glucose, fructose), and weak on the cellulose. Mycelia growth is optimal on low nitrogen sources NaNO3, KNO3 and asparagine, on Valine, Leucine and L-arginine media, and slowed on the environment (NH4)2SO4 the nature of the nitrogen source influences on the growth of the strains.

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Virulence strategies of phytopathogenic bacteria and their role in plant disease pathogenesis

Cited by 14 publications

References 63 publications

Recent advances in the regulation of plant immunity by S-nitrosylation

Recent advances in the regulation of plant immunity by S-nitrosylation

Molecular–genetic aspects of plant immunity to phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi

Isolation and physicochemical test studies of Ascochyta pisi

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