Virulence genes and plasmid profiles in Rhodococcus equi isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Brazil

Ribeiro, Márcio Garcia; Takaı̈, Shinji; Guazzelli, Alessandro; Lara, Gustavo Henrique Batista; Silva, Aristeu Vieira da; Fernandes, Marta Catarina; Condas, Larissa Anuska Zeni; Siqueira, Amanda Keller; Salerno, Tatiana

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.09.022

Cited by 19 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…10,12 In addition, the history of contact between persons infected with R. equi and domestic pig breeders, or an environment in which pigs are present is unclear. 15 Evidence supports the hypothesis that consumption of pork products or undercooked pork may be a probable route of R. equi infection in humans in some countries. 2 Rhodococcus equi infections in pigs and wild boars are restricted mainly to the lymphatic system, and are predominantly found in submaxillary lymph nodes.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

“…14 However, little information is available in Brazil about virulence plasmid profiles of R. equi isolates from humans. [15][16][17] Intermediately virulent strains of R. equi are predominantly identified in HIV-positive patients, 2 the lymph nodes of pigs with and without lymphadenitis, 7,12 and, more recently, in lymph nodes of wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) in Hungary 10 and Brazil. 15 Furthermore, virulent R. equi strains also have been described in HIV-negative human patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17] Intermediately virulent strains of R. equi are predominantly identified in HIV-positive patients, 2 the lymph nodes of pigs with and without lymphadenitis, 7,12 and, more recently, in lymph nodes of wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) in Hungary 10 and Brazil. 15 Furthermore, virulent R. equi strains also have been described in HIV-negative human patients. 11 Despite similarities of virulence-associated plasmid profiles of R. equi reported for humans, pigs, and wild boars, the role of these animal species in transmission of the microorganism to humans is controversial.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,10 A recent investigation of R. equi strains from lymph nodes of domestic pigs and wild boars in Brazil showed that the VapB type 8 plasmid is the most common virulence type. 15 Distinct 79-100 kb plasmids associated with expression of VapB in R. equi isolated from humans have been described in different countries and involve mainly types 1, 4, 7, 2 and 5. 12 Ours results indicate the exclusive presence of the type 8 plasmid among intermediately virulent isolates from humans.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Identification of Virulence-Associated Plasmids in Rhodococcus equi in Humans with and without Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Brazil

Ribeiro¹,

Takaı̈²,

Vargas³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Virulence of Rhodococcus equi strains from 20 humans in Brazil was investigated by using a polymerase chain reaction to characterize isolates as virulent (VapA), intermediately virulent (VapB), and avirulent. Nine isolates were obtained from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive patients, six from HIV-negative patients, and five from patients of unknown status. Five isolates were VapB positive, four were VapA positive, and eleven were avirulent. Among the nine isolates from HIV-positive patients, five contained VapB plasmids and two contained VapA plasmids. Five VapB-positive isolates had the type 8 virulence plasmid. Eleven of the patients had a history of contact with livestock and/or a farm environment, and none had contact with pigs.

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confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Virulence-Associated Plasmids in Rhodococcus equi in Humans with and without Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Brazil

Ribeiro¹,

Takaı̈²,

Vargas³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…More recently, vapB-positive R. equi was found in the submaxillary lymph nodes of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Hungary and Brazil (Makrai et al, 2008, Ribeiro et al, 2011. Wild boars harbor many infectious agents that are transmissible to domestic pigs and other animals, including humans (Meng et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation of Rhodococcus equi from Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Japan

Sakai

Ohno

Higuchi

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Identification of Mycobacterium species and Rhodococcus equi in peccary lymph nodes

Morais

Bolaños

Alves

et al. 2018

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Mycobacterium species and the virulence-associated proteins (vapA, vapB, and vapN genes) of Rhodococcus equi isolated from 330 lymph nodes of collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) and white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) intended for human consumption were investigated. Thirty-six (10.9%) R. equi strains were isolated; 3.3% (n = 11/330) were from white-lipped peccary lymph nodes, and 7.6% (25/330) were from collared peccary lymph nodes. Among the 11 isolates of R. equi from the white-lipped peccaries, 90.9% (n = 10/11) were obtained from the mesenteric lymph nodes, and only 9.1% (n = 1/10) were obtained from the mediastinal lymph nodes. In the 25 isolates of R. equi obtained from the collared peccaries, 40.0% (n = 10/25) were recovered from the mesenteric lymph nodes, 36% (n = 9/25) from the submandibular lymph nodes, and 24.0% (n = 6/25) from the mediastinal lymph nodes. No vapA, vapB, or vapN genes (plasmidless) or three host-associated types (pVAPA, pVAPB, and pVAPN) were identified among the R. equi isolates. Mycobacterium species were isolated in 3.03% (n = 10/330) of all the lymph nodes analyzed. Among the 10 mycobacterial isolates, 60% (n = 6/10) were from the white-lipped peccary lymph nodes, and 40% (n = 4/10) were from the collared peccary lymph nodes. Ten Mycobacterium species were detected by PCR-PRA with a predominance of M. avium type 1. Sequencing of the hsp65 and rpob genes revealed mycobacteria that were saprophytic (M. sinense and M. kumamotonense) and potentially pathogenic (M. colombiense and M. intracellulare) to humans and animals. To our knowledge, this is the first description of R. equi and/or mycobacterial species identified in the lymph nodes of peccary specimens. R. equi (plasmidless) and the mycobacterial species described here have been reported as causes of pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised humans.

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Virulence genes and plasmid profiles in Rhodococcus equi isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Brazil

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Identification of Virulence-Associated Plasmids in Rhodococcus equi in Humans with and without Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Brazil

Identification of Virulence-Associated Plasmids in Rhodococcus equi in Humans with and without Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Brazil

Isolation of Rhodococcus equi from Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Japan

Identification of Mycobacterium species and Rhodococcus equi in peccary lymph nodes

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