Virulence gene(s) Gamut of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in Piglets with or without Diarrhoea in Mizoram (India)

Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from Smoked Pork sold in Local Markets of Aizawl, Mizoram (India)

“…As depicted in Table 1, a total of 2 (6.66%) and 1(3.33%) isolates were positive for stx 1 and stx 2 genes and 2 (6.66%) isolates for stx 1 and stx 2 genes combination. Among the STEC isolates, stx 2 (22.66%) was predominant over stx 1 (6.66%) which was in accordance to the findings of earlier workers (Omoruyi et al, 2018;Kataria et al, 2017). Detection of stx 2 positive isolates from smoked pork may result in a public health concern as in a murine infection model, shiga toxin 2 is reportedly 400 times more toxic than Stx1 and shiga toxin 2 is more frequently related to complications of HUS than Stx1 (Shridhar et al, 2017).…”

Virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profile of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from diarrhoeic cattles and human handlers in Asom (India)

“…Multiplex PCR based screening of virulence genes showed that out of 31 isolates from diarrhoeic calves, 14 (45.16%) and in humans handling the cattles, 5 (26.32%) (Table 1) carried at least one virulence gene, based on which eight and five different virulence gene profiles were identified. The virulence gene profile of the STEC and ETEC isolates showed that the prevalence of stx 2 gene (16.13%) in cattle and human (15.79%) was higher than stx 1 gene which was in agreement with the findings of earlier workers (Tahamtan et al 2010) as the stx 2 gene is considered to be the most important virulence factor, which in mice was shown to be 400 fold more toxic than stx 1 and it also induces feto-placental re-absorption, intrauterine hematoma, fibrin deposition and neutrophil infiltration https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v87i10.75266 (Kataria et al 2014). Thus isolation of STEC isolates with high frequency of stx 2 -positivity from cattle and humans is a serious concern as strains expressing stx 2 are more likely to be associated with the development of HUS.…”