Virulence gene profiles of avian pathogenic &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; isolated from chickens with colibacillosis in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Mbanga, Joshua; Nyararai, Yvonne O.

doi:10.4102/ojvr.v82i1.850

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…This result is higher than the result that said by (Mbanga and Nyararai, 2015) who said that percent of PCR for amplification of fimH gene of E. coli was (33.3%) of APEC isolates and lower than the result obtained by (Roussan et al, 2014) who identified fimH gene with a percentage (94%) by using PCR.…”

Section: Suspectedcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Molecular Characterization of Some Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Chickens Showing Respiratory Manifestations

Elghazaly¹,

Sedeek²,

Khalil³

2017

AJVS

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Key words:E. coli, P. aeruginosa, virulence genes, antibiogram, plasmid profile Fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) is a multisubstance composition contains 2-methoxy benzoquinone and 2, 6-dimethoxy benzoquinone which are likely to exert some of its biological effects as well as it is a concentrated source of vitamins, minerals, and protein.An experimental trial of FWGE supplementation to broiler feed from one day old with a rate of 0.5, 1.5 and 3 g/kg feed was tried. Results revealed that all doses of FWGE increased body weight significantly (p≤0.05), especially with the dose of 3 g/kg feed. Also, FCR values decreased significantly (p≤0.05) in the FWGE treated groups. Regarding biochemical analysis at 35 days old, the most significant results obtained with the doses of 1.5 and 3 g FWGE/kg feed especially in SGOT, SGPT, creatinine, uric acid, total protein, glucose, and triglycerides levels. Physiologically, FWGE only increased hemoglobin concentration significantly (p≤0.05) without alteration of red blood and white blood cells counts. There was also a significant increase (p≤0.05) in the intestinal weight in relation to carcass weight% and a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the liver and total body fat weights in relation to carcass weight%. At 45 days (10 days after vNDV challenge), the mortality rates were 60% in the non-treated non-vaccinated challenged chicken group 5 and 4% in the nontreated vaccinated challenged chicken group 4 without appearance of any mortality in the 3 FWGE treated groups. Also, addition of FWGE had a positive effect on HI titers for NDV in the collected serum samples at 45 days old. Finally, it was concluded that FWGE improved the general health condition of broilers regarding biochemical and physiological parameters and immune response to NDV vaccination.

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Section: Suspectedcontrasting

confidence: 64%

Molecular Characterization of Some Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Chickens Showing Respiratory Manifestations

Elghazaly¹,

Sedeek²,

Khalil³

2017

AJVS

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“…So in this study, the detection of the species-specific gene is considered the main step to complete the investigation of virulence genes. The iss, fimH, and iutA genes were selected due to their common prevalence in APEC isolated from broiler samples via PCR [19,[31][32][33]. Our findings revealed that the most prevalent virulence gene was iss (93.3%), followed by iutA (46.6%), and fimH gene (20%); this highest incidence of iss and iutA genes among the pathogenic cases was in accordance with that in the study by Rodriguez-Siek et al [34] (81.5% and 80.2%, respectively) and Rocha et al [35] (73.8% and 45.9%, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, Pathotyping, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli among Diseased Broiler Chicks

et al. 2020

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A total of 54 broiler flocks during the first two weeks of life was used to investigate the incidence of avian pathogenic E. coli in Egypt; 28 isolates (51.85%) were revealed by colony morphology and biochemical identification which then investigated for their serogroups and only 18/28 isolates were serotyped. The most prevalent serotypes were O115, O142, O158, O55, O125, O114, O27, O20, and O15. By application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 83.3% (15/18) of the serotyped isolates were confirmed to be E. coli, and 93.3% (14/15), 46.6% (7/15), and 20% (3/15) of isolates harbored the iss, iutA, and fimH genes, respectively. Virulence testing of the selected 13 APEC isolates on the specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicks revealed them to be highly virulent (15.4%), moderately virulent (23.1%), and avirulent (61.5%); however, all isolates (100%) were extremely virulent towards SPF embryonated chicken eggs. Antibiotic resistance (100% of isolates (n = 13)) was observed for ampicillin, amoxycillin–clavulanic acid, and tetracyclines, colistin (92.31%; 12/13), doxycycline and spiramycin (84.62%; 11/13), florfenicol (69.23%; 9/13), cefotaxime (61.54%; 8/13), and ciprofloxacin (53.85%; 7/13). The highest percentage of sensitivity (53.85% of isolates; 7/13) was recorded for ofloxacin and enrofloxacin followed by gentamycin (46.15%; 6/13). The results suggest that the diagnosis of APEC with PCR is rapid and more accurate than traditional methods for E. coli identification; moreover, the presence or absence of iss, iutA, and/or fimH genes is not an indicator of in vivo pathogenicity of APEC. Thus, further studies, including a wider range of virulence genes and gene sequencing, are required. In addition, serotyping has no effect on the virulence of APEC.

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“…Mbanga et al (2015) detected all of the 12 VGs (iutA, hlyF, ompT, frz, sitD, fimH, kpsM, sitA, sopB, uvrY, pstB and vat) they screened for in APEC in South Africa. The three most prevalent VGs detected in the 45 APEC were iutA (80%), fimH (33%) and hlyF (24%) with genes kpsM, pstB and ompT being detected in only 2.2% of the isolates.…”

Section: The Prevalence Of Apec Related Vgsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, direct comparisons between research studies is difficult due to: the high genetic diversity of APEC; the variety of VGs associated with and used to classify APEC; large variability in sampling strategies and microbiological methods Johnson et al, 2008b;Mbanga and Nyararai, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Virulence gene profiles of avian pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolated from chickens with colibacillosis in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Molecular Characterization of Some Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Chickens Showing Respiratory Manifestations

Molecular Characterization of Some Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Chickens Showing Respiratory Manifestations

Incidence, Pathotyping, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli among Diseased Broiler Chicks

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

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