Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro

Schuhmacher, A.; Reichling, Jürgen; Schnitzler, Paul

doi:10.1078/094471103322331467

Cited by 244 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Results of the studies evaluating the interference of the essential oil on steps of the viral infection cycle indicate that the inhibitory effect occurs during adsorption and penetration steps but not after penetration of the virus into the cell (schuhmacher et al 2003(schuhmacher et al , saddi et al 2007(schuhmacher et al , Koch et al 2008. one could speculate that components present in the oil interfere with the virion envelope structures masking the E and M viral proteins, which are necessary for adsorption and entry into the host cell.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, enveloped viruses distinct to flavivirus were also inactivated by treatment with the essential oil obtained from medicinal plants. The in vitro replication abilities of the herpes simplex virus, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus were suppressed by the previous exposure to essential oils but not by treatment of the cell with the essential oil before the adsorption of the virus (Zhang et al 1988, siddiqui et al 1996, Yamasaki et al 1998, schuhmacher et al 2003, saddi et al 2007, Koch et al 2008.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virucidal activity of Colombian Lippia essential oils on dengue virus replication in vitro

Ocazionez

Meneses

Torres

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The inhibitory effect of Lippia alba and Lippia citriodora essential oils on dengue virus serotypes replication in vitro was investigated. The cytotoxicity (CC 50 ) was evaluated by the MTT assay and the mode of viral inhibitory effect was investigated with a plaque reduction assay. The virus was treated with the essential oil for 2 h at 37 o C before cell adsorption and experiments were conducted to evaluate inhibition of untreated-virus replication in the presence of oil. Antiviral activity was defined as the concentration of essential oil that caused 50% reduction of the virus plaque number (IC 50 ). L. alba oil resulted in less cytotoxicity than L. citriodora oil (CC 50 : 139.5 vs. 57.6 µg/mL). Virus plaque reduction for all four dengue serotypes was observed by treatment of the virus before adsorption on cell. The IC 50 values for L. alba oil were between 0. 4-32.6 µg/mL and between 1.9-33.7 µg/mL for L. citriodora oil. No viral inhibitory effect was observed by addition of the essential oil after virus adsorption. The inhibitory effect of the essential oil seems to cause direct virus inactivation before adsorption on host cell.Key words: essential oil -antiviral -virucidal activity -dengue virus -Lippia sp.Dengue is an acute illness characterised by the hemorrhagic fever caused by dengue virus (DENV) that is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. DENV infection results in a spectrum of disease ranging from a mild febrile illness or dengue fever to a severe disease or dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. Among the human arboviral diseases, dengue is responsible for causing most illness and death. It has been estimated that 50-100 million dengue infections occur each year in tropical urban areas around the world with 20,000-25,000 deaths (Gubler 2006).DENV is a member of the Flaviviridae family and it exists as four related serotypes (DENV-1 2, 3 and 4). The virus possesses an icosahedral nucleocapsid core surrounded by a host-derived lipid membrane (envelope), in which the envelope (E) protein and membrane (M) protein are embedded. The Flavivirus enters into the host cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis into coated vesicles, a process in which the E protein plays the major role. The E protein mediates interactions within the virus and the components of the host cell membrane involved in virus adsorption and the E protein interacts with the membrane cell during fusion (Lindenbach & Rice 2007). Compounds that interact with sites on the E protein that binds to structures on the cellular membrane affect the adsorption and fusion process. That interferes There is no antiviral drug for treatment for any of the Flavivirus and an effective vaccine for human use is not yet available to prevent dengue. Consequently, the development of antiviral drugs licensed for treatment of patients remains an urgent need to prevent dengue fatalities. Compounds obtained from traditional medicinal plants and herbs species have been reported to have antiviral activity and a wide variety of active phytochemicals hav...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virucidal activity of Colombian Lippia essential oils on dengue virus replication in vitro

Ocazionez

Meneses

Torres

et al. 2010

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Mint is mostly consumed after a meal because of its ability to reduce indigestion and intestinal spasms by reducing the gastrocholic reflux (Spirling and Daniels, 2001). The main action of its leaves and flowers is due to the presence of abundant menthol which is the main phenolic component having antibacterial activities (Schuhmacher et al, 2003). Mint also contains polyphenolic compounds and hence could possess strong antioxidant properties (Dorman et al, 2003).…”

Section: Advances In Animal and Veterinary Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mint Leaves with or without Enzyme Supplementation on Blood Biochemistry, Carcass Characteristics and Sensory Attributes of Broiler Chicken

Khursheed¹,

Banday²,

Khan³

et al. 2017

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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| A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of Mint leaves (Mentha piperita) with or without enzyme treatment on blood chemistry, carcass characteristics and sensory attributes of broiler chicken production. 225 day old commercial broiler chicks reared together until 7 days of age. On 8th day, the chicks were individually weighed, distributed randomly into 5 treatment groups of 3 replicates with 15 chicks each for a period of 42 days of age. Birds in the control group (T1) were fed diets without additives, whereas in T2 and T3 basal diet was supplemented with raw mint leaves @ 1% (T2) and 2% (T3). In T4 and T5, enzyme treated mint leaves @ 1% and 2% were added to the basal diet respectively. At the end of experimental period, blood biochemistry, carcass characteristics and sensory attributes were recorded. The results revealed that there was no significant (P>0.05) effect on serum glucose, total protein, cholesterol, SGPT and SGOT levels of birds fed diets either supplemented with raw or enzyme treated mint leaves both at 1 and 2% levels when compared with the group of birds fed control diet. Further, various carcass characteristics viz. feather loss, evisceration loss, giblets, shank, head and dressing % in the groups fed raw or enzyme treated 1 and 2% mint leaves showed a non significant (P>0.05) difference compared to control group. Moreover, no effect (P>0.05) on various sensory attributes and the overall acceptability of meat among the various treatment groups and control group was observed. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of raw or enzyme treated mint leaves had no negative effect on the health of birds as could be figured out from the normal SGPT and SGOT levels of birds.

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“…Preliminary evidence suggests that the peppermint component, menthol, may protect against herpes simple virus. In addition, menthol was found to have antibacterial activity against Clostridium sporogenes, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Salmonella pullorum, Sataphylococus aureus, Streptococus faecalis, and Comamonas terrigena (Schuhmacher et al, 2003).…”

Section: Peppermint (Mentha Piperita)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks and benefits of commonly used herbal medicines in Mexico

Rodríguez‐Fragoso

Reyes‐Esparza

Burchiel

et al. 2008

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

152

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In Mexico, local empirical knowledge about medicinal properties of plants is the basis for their use as home remedies. It is generally accepted by many people in Mexico and elsewhere in the world that beneficial medicinal effects can be obtained by ingesting plant products. In this review, we focus on the potential pharmacologic bases for herbal plant efficacy, but we also raise concerns about the safety of these agents, which have not been fully assessed. Although numerous randomized clinical trials of herbal medicines have been published and systematic reviews and meta-analyses of these studies are available, generalizations about the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines are clearly not possible. Recent publications have also highlighted the unintended consequences of herbal product use, including morbidity and mortality. It has been found that many phytochemicals have pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions with drugs. The present review is limited to some herbal medicine that are native or cultivated in Mexico and that have significant use. We discuss the cultural uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological properties of the following following plant species: Nopal (Opuntia ficus), Peppermint (Mentha piperita), Chaparral (Larrea divaricata), Dandlion (Taraxacum officinale), Mullein (Verbascum densiflorum), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita), Nettle or Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica), Passionflower (Passiflora incarmata), Linden Flower (Tilia europea), and Aloa (Aloa vera). We conclude that our knowledge of the therapeutic benefits and risks of some herbal medicines used in Mexico is still limited and efforts to elucidate them should be intensified.

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Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro

Cited by 244 publications

References 21 publications

Virucidal activity of Colombian Lippia essential oils on dengue virus replication in vitro

Virucidal activity of Colombian Lippia essential oils on dengue virus replication in vitro

Effect of Mint Leaves with or without Enzyme Supplementation on Blood Biochemistry, Carcass Characteristics and Sensory Attributes of Broiler Chicken

Risks and benefits of commonly used herbal medicines in Mexico

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