Risks and benefits of commonly used herbal medicines in Mexico

Rodríguez‐Fragoso, Lourdes; Reyes‐Esparza, Jorge; Burchiel, Scott W.; Herrera-Ruiz, Dea; Torres, Eliseo

doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.10.005

Cited by 166 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Both adverse drug reactions and poisonings associated with the use of herbal medicines are increasingly being reported; and medicinal plants behave as authentic medicines because the chemical substances of which they are formed can have a biological activity in humans (Ernst, 2002;Fennell et al, 2004;Zhou et al, 2004;Rodriguez-Fragoso et al, 2008). Medicinal plants typically contain mixtures of different chemical compounds that may act individually, additively or in synergy to improve health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tulbaghia violacea on the blood pressure and heart rate in male spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats

Raji

Mugabo

Obikeze

2012

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Effect of Tulbaghia violacea on the blood pressure and heart rate in male spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats I. A. RAJITulbaghia violacea Harv. (Alliaceae) is a small bulbous herb which belongs to the family, Alliaceae, most commonly associated with onions and garlic. In South Africa (SA), this herb has been traditionally used in the treatment of various ailments, including fever, colds, asthma, paralysis, hypertension (HTN) and stomach problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of methanol leaf extracts (MLE) of T. violacea on the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in anaesthetized male spontaneously hypertensive rats; and to find out the mechanism(s) by which it acts.The MLE of T. violacea (5 -150 mg/kg), angiotensin I (ang I, 3.1 -100 µg/kg), captopril (10 mg/kg), angiotensin II (ang II, 3.1 -50 µg/kg), losartan (30 mg/kg), phenylephrine T. violacea (60 mg/kg) and captopril (10 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally into iii some SHR for 21 days to investigate the chronic effect of these agents on plasma levels of aldosterone. The mean change, the mean of the individual percentage changes and the percentage difference (in mean) observed with each intervention was calculated and statistically analyzed using the Student's t test for significant difference (p < 0.05). The Microsoft Excel software was used for statistical analysis.T. violacea significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP;and HR dose-dependently. In a dose-dependent manner, ang I, ang II, phenylephrine significantly (p < 0.05) increased the BP, while propranolol, muscarine and atropine reduced the BP. The increases in BP due to dobutamine were not dose-dependent. In a dose dependent manner, phenylephrine and propranolol reduced the HR, while dobutamine increased the HR. The effect of ang I, ang II, muscarine and atropine on HR were not dose-dependent; with both increases as well as decreases observed with ang I, and II and atropine, while decreases were seen with muscarine. Captopril produced significant (p < 0.05) reduction in BP which were not associated with any change in HR.The co-infusion of ang I with the MLE produced significant (p < 0.05) reduction in BP, which were not associated with significant changes in HR. The co-infusion of ang II with the MLE did not produce any significant changes in BP or HR when compared to the infusion of the standard drug alone. The co-infusion of phenylephrine with the MLE did

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tulbaghia violacea on the blood pressure and heart rate in male spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats

Raji

Mugabo

Obikeze

2012

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…Herbs and spice extracts have been used extensively in different parts of the World to treat a variety of human diseases (Stein and Kil, 2006). Gastrointestinal disorders have been treated with a number of different plant extracts including garlic, peppermint, chamomile or aloe (Amagase et al, 2001;Akerreta et al, 2007;Rodriguez-Fragoso et al, 2008). Some herbs like Echinacea, liquorice, cat's claw and garlic are claimed as immunoenhancers (Craig, 1999).…”

Section: Plant Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in pig production: can immunomodulators play a role?

Gallois¹,

Rothkötter

Bailey

et al. 2009

Animal

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As a result of the European ban of in-feed growth-promoting antibiotics, new strategies are being developed to increase the resistance to disease in farm animals. In pig production, this is of particular importance during the weaning transition when piglets are subjected to major stressful events, making them highly sensitive to digestive disorders. At this time, the development of both innate and adaptive immunity at the mucosal surface is critical in preventing the potential harmful effects of intestinal pathogenic agents. Strategies aiming at stimulating natural host defences through the use of substances able to modulate immune functions have gained increasing interest in animal research, and different bioactive components a priori sharing those properties have been the subject of in vivo nutritional investigations in pig. Among these, yeast derivates (b-glucans and mannans) are able to interact with immune cells, particularly phagocytic cells. However, studies where they have been fed to pigs have shown inconsistent results, suggesting that their ability to target the sensitive immune cells through the oral route is questionable. The plant extracts, which would benefit from a positive image in the public opinion, have also been tested. However, due to a lack of data on the bioactive components of particular plants and the large diversity of species, it has proved difficult to prepare extracts of equivalent potency and thus, the literature on their influence on pig immunity remains inconclusive. In considering piglet immunity and health benefits, the most promising results to date have been obtained with spray-dried animal plasma, whose positive effects would be provided by specific antibodies and nonspecific competition of some plasma components with bacteria for intestinal receptors. The major positive effect of spray-dried animal plasma is in reducing the infiltration of gut-associated lymphoid tissue by immune cells, which is likely to be the result of a decreased colonisation by potentially harmful bacteria. This review also highlights the limitations of some of the published in vivo studies on the immunomodulatory activity of certain feed additives. Among those, the lack of standardisation of extracts and the heterogeneity of piglet-rearing conditions (e.g. exposure to pathogens) are likely the most limiting.

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“…This fact supports and is consistent with the safety of the use of 5-HTP and the other plant extracts comprising in the formulation, as already reported in literature. [51][52][53] Sublingual spray formulation in obesity treatment M Rondanelli et al…”

Section: Sublingual Spray Formulation In Obesity Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satiety and amino-acid profile in overweight women after a new treatment using a natural plant extract sublingual spray formulation

et al. 2009

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Objective: To test the effect on satiety of a formulation comprising plant extracts naturally containing 5-hydroxytryptophan, delivered as sublingual spray (5HTP-Nat Exts), administered five times a day for 2 months. Design: Two-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects: A total of 27 healthy, adult overweight women were randomly assigned to the treatment (14) or the placebo group (13). Measurements: Visual analog scales were used to assess appetite sensations every day. Moreover, the study evaluated the bioavailability of 5-hydroxytryptophan following sublingual delivery over 8 weeks, by comparing 24-h urinary excretion of 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), determined at baseline and after 2 months. Other secondary end points of the study were to compare body composition, depressive symptoms, severity of binge eating and quality of life. Finally, the study tested whether a single administration of 5HTP-Nat Exts in fasting state has an effect on amino-acid profile and on appetite ratings and whether 5HTP-Nat Exts administered before a fixed test meal has any effect on satiety. Results: The group using the 5HTP-Nat Exts experienced a significantly greater increase in their sensation of satiety over an 8-week timeframe and in fasting state following administration of 5HTP-Nat Exts than the placebo group did (AUC ¼ 305.2 (52.8) vs 236.6 (59.4), mean difference À68.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) À116.2 to À21.2), P ¼ 0.007; mean difference in Haber score change 2.5 (95% CI 0.62-3.12, P ¼ 0.007)). A difference was observed between the groups for the mean change in 5-HIAA. All the amino acids evaluated after a single administration of 5HTP-Nat Exts were found to be similar. Differences were found for the mean change in body mass index, skinfold thicknesses and hip circumference. The other parameters were found to be similar. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that 5HTP-Nat Exts may be safely used to treat the problem of appetite control in overweight women during a weight loss program.

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Risks and benefits of commonly used herbal medicines in Mexico

Cited by 166 publications

References 64 publications

Effect of Tulbaghia violacea on the blood pressure and heart rate in male spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats

Effect of Tulbaghia violacea on the blood pressure and heart rate in male spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats

Natural alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in pig production: can immunomodulators play a role?

Satiety and amino-acid profile in overweight women after a new treatment using a natural plant extract sublingual spray formulation

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