Virtual hybrid human body model for PTW safety assessment

Abstract

Road traffic accidents cause one of the highest numbers of severe injuries. The numbers of deaths and seriously injured citizens prove that traffic accidents and their consequences are still a serious problem to be solved. Virtual human body models play an important role to assess injuries during impact loading especially for scenarios, where complex dynamical loading is taken into account. The most suffering group is so called vulnerable road users (VRU) like powered two-wheelers (PTW) riders. The presented work contributes to increasing safety of PTW riders by implementing virtual human body model for injury risk analysis. The scalable hybrid virtual human body model Virthuman, which was formerly developed, validated and demonstrated in impact scenarios, is improved by updated neck and shoulder models in order to describe the realistic kinematics during complex long duration impact loading and presented in the oblique impact scenario compared to the THUMS results.

Statistical Analysis of Aviation Accidents and Incidents Caused by Failure of Hydraulic Systems

“…, 0 0 (201 MATEC Web of Conferences https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929101005 2 ICMSC 2019 91 10 9) 5…”

“…, 0 0 (201 MATEC Web of Conferences https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929101005 2 ICMSC 2019 91 10 9) 5 called check-lists, precision of operating them, knowledge and observance of principles of operating on-board equipment, making correct use of the operational documentation. Air accidents may be caused by disturbances in aircrewaircraft, or servicing staff -aircraft relationships.…”

“…It should be noted that since 1997, the number of victims has decreased significantly from 1164 to 59 ( Figure 1). There was no place in the world where there was an air crash involving commercial aircraft certified to carry at least 14 passengers (excluding sabotage and stripping), even though this year (2017) recorded the highest volume of air traffic in the history of air traffic [7][8][9][10].…”

Utilization of the Validated Windshield Material Model in Simulation of Tram to Pedestrian Collision

“…Moreover, additional “breakable” joints are considered in lower extremities to include the possible fractures of both femur and tibia of the pedestrian in the collision scenario. The model has been validated extensively to ensure its boofidelity in the particular scenarios, connected mainly with the automotive industry [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The basic reference model (50th percentile male) can be scaled using the parameters of height, weight, age and gender.…”

“…The model of the windshield is then utilized in the full model of the tram (its front part) and together with the numerical model of the human Virthuman, the collision scenarios can be simulated. The Virthuman model is a model of the human body validated under specified conditions [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], and it has been successfully used in automotive research for the specified collision scenarios in correspondence with the tram regulation [ 8 ], to help in the process of the development of the new tram design. As this regulation defines the scenario, in which, the new vehicle is tested, the aim was to prepare and test this model, whether is a suitable tool and can help in the development of the new and pedestrian safety tram.…”