Virtual Environment Training Improves Motor Performance in Two Patients with Stroke

Holden, Maureen K.; Todorov, Emanuel; Callahan, Janet; Bizzi, Emilio

doi:10.1097/01253086-199923020-00013

Cited by 100 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Holden and colleagues, based at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, were the first to report successful use of VR to retrain movement in patients with stroke. 57 The VR motor re-training system they have developed is centered around the concept of "learning by imitation" of a virtual teacher, 55 and allows the user to retrain a wide variety of arm movements (including shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand) in any part of the UE workspace, within the context of functional or goal-directed tasks. A brief system description is provided below; further details may be found in Holden and Todorov, 15 and Holden and Dyar.…”

Section: Upper Extremitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Environments for Motor Rehabilitation: Review

Holden

2005

CyberPsychology & Behavior

988

541

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, the current "state of the art" for virtual reality (VR) applications in the field of motor rehabilitation is reviewed. The paper begins with a brief overview of available equipment options. Next, a discussion of the scientific rationale for use of VR in motor rehabilitation is provided. Finally, the major portion of the paper describes the various VR systems that have been developed for use with patients, and the results of clinical studies reported to date in the literature. Areas covered include stroke rehabilitation (upper and lower extremity training, spatial and perceptual-motor training), acquired brain injury, Parkinson's disease, orthopedic rehabilitation, balance training, wheelchair mobility and functional activities of daily living training, and the newly developing field of telerehabilitation. Four major findings emerge from these studies: (1) people with disabilities appear capable of motor learning within virtual environments; (2) movements learned by people with disabilities in VR transfer to real world equivalent motor tasks in most cases, and in some cases even generalize to other untrained tasks; (3) in the few studies (n = 5) that have compared motor learning in real versus virtual environments, some advantage for VR training has been found in all cases; and (4) no occurrences of cybersickness in impaired populations have been reported to date in experiments where VR has been used to train motor abilities.

show abstract

Section: Upper Extremitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Environments for Motor Rehabilitation: Review

Holden

2005

CyberPsychology & Behavior

988

541

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The approach also assessed the degree of matching between the virtual teacher and the patient's trajectories and provided trainer and trainee with a measure of each trial efficency. In a pilot study (Holden et al, 1999), two chronic patients with massive stroke were trained on a reach-and-grasp task involving shoulder flexion, elbow extension and forearm supination at six increasing levels of complexity. Efficacy was assessed through a 3D kinematic reach test performed in the real world before and after VR-supported rehabilitation; the Fugl-Meyer Test of Motor Recovery for Stroke test (Fugl-Meyer et al, 1975) and the motor task section of the Structured Assessment of Independent Living Skills (SAILS) test of UE function (Mahurin et al, 1991) were used for clinical evaluation.…”

Section: Vr In the Upper Limb Motor Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VR was first applied in the rehabilitation of the paretic upper-limb after stroke in a setting designed to promote motor (re)learning for different movements (hand, elbow and shoulder) and functional tasks or goals (Holden et al, 1999). The approach implemented a learning-byimitation paradigm through three components: a motion tracking device to record the trajectories to be performed in the VR environment, a desktop computer display and a VR editing software specifically developed to create suitable 3D-simulated tasks at varying level of complexity.…”

Section: Vr In the Upper Limb Motor Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Virtual Reality in Neuro-Rehabilitation: An Overview

Lucca¹,

Candelieri²,

Pignolo³

2010

Virtual Reality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Today, virtual reality that embodies the real environment, activities, and movements are known to be effective for rehabilitation, and a variety of virtual reality programs are now being studied for use in the rehabilitation of neurological patients 5,6) . Virtual reality rehabilitation programs have diverse tasks and goals, which can be easily adjusted for degrees of difficulty in activities, are fun, and effectively employ visual and auditory feedbacks 7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Feasibility of Interactive Commercial Nintendo Gaming for Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interactive games played on a Nintendo Wii on postural control, motor function and functional independence of chronic stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty chronic stroke patients were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group played interactive games using the Nintendo Wii for 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for 3 weeks, whereas the control group did not play interactive games. Result measures included the postural assessment scale, the modified motor assessment scale and the functional independence measure.[Results] There were significant differences in the postural assessment scale and modified motor assessment scale scores of both groups after the intervention, and between the control group and the experimental group after the intervention. However, there were no significant differences in functional independence measure scores.[Conclusion] An interactive game played on a Nintendo Wii appears to be an effective intervention for improvement of chronic stroke patients' functional results. Therefore, research into the most effective type of Wii game and the clinical significance should continue.

show abstract

Virtual Environment Training Improves Motor Performance in Two Patients with Stroke

Cited by 100 publications

References 0 publications

Virtual Environments for Motor Rehabilitation: Review

Virtual Environments for Motor Rehabilitation: Review

Application of Virtual Reality in Neuro-Rehabilitation: An Overview

Clinical Feasibility of Interactive Commercial Nintendo Gaming for Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About