Virtual endoscopy of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

Nicola, M. De; Salvolini, Luca; Salvolini, U.

doi:10.1016/s0720-048x(97)00027-2

Cited by 28 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The endoscopic sinus surgery simulator (ES3) was developed in 1997 by Lockheed Martin (Bethesda, MD, USA) [3-5] to provide a virtual surgical environment in which a trainee manipulates an endoscope and other instruments inside the nasal cavity of a mannequin. All tools afford touch feedback.…”

Section: Virtual Simulators Of Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Simulators for Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery: The Present and Future

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol

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Endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeries are minimally invasive surgical techniques that reduce postoperative symptoms and complications and enhance patients’ quality of life. However, to ensure excellent surgical outcomes after such interventions, intimate familiarity with important landmarks and high-level endoscope manipulation skills are essential. Cadaver training is one possible option, but cadavers are expensive, scarce, and nonreusable and cadaver work requires specialized equipment and staff. In addition, it is difficult to mimic specific diseases using cadavers. Virtual reality simulators can create a computerized environment in which the patient’s anatomy is reproduced and interaction with endoscopic handling and realistic haptic feedback is possible. Moreover, they can be used to present scenarios that improve trainees’ skills and confidence. Therefore, virtual simulator training can be implemented at all levels of surgical education. This review introduces the current literature on virtual reality training for endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeons, and discusses the direction of future developments.

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Section: Virtual Simulators Of Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Simulators for Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery: The Present and Future

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol

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“…It may also allow the diagnostic exploration of body regions that are either unaccessible or incompatible with conventional endoscopic procedures. VE has been applied to many hollow anatomical structures, such as trachea, colon, aorta, brain ventricles, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual endoscopy of the urinary tract

Kagadis¹,

Siablis²,

Liatsikos³

et al. 2006

Asian J Andrology

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Technological breakthroughs have advanced the temporal and spatial resolutions of diagnostic imaging, and 3 dimensional (3-D) reconstruction techniques have been introduced into everyday clinical practice. Virtual endoscopy (VE) is a non-invasive technique that amplifies the perception of cross-sectional images in the 3-D space, providing precise spatial relationships of pathological regions and their surrounding structures. A variety of computer algorithms can be used to generate 3-D images, taking advantage of the information inherent in either spiral computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). VE images enable endoluminal navigation through hollow organs, thus simulating conventional endoscopy. Several clinical studies have validated the diagnostic utility of virtual cystoscopy, which has high sensitivity and specificity rates in the detection of bladder tumor. Published experience in the virtual exploration of the renal pelvis, ureter and urethra is encouraging but still scarce. VE is a safe, non-invasive method that could be applied in the long-term follow-up of patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, urinary bladder tumors and ureteral and/or urethral strictures. Its principal limitations are the inability to provide biopsy tissue specimens for histopathologic examination and the associated ionizing radiation hazards (unless MRI is used). However, in the case of endoluminal stenosis or obstruction, VE permits virtual endoluminal navigation both cephalad and caudal to the stenotic segment. To conclude, VE provides a less invasive method of evaluating the urinary tract, especially for clinicians who are less familiar with cross-sectional imaging than radiologists.

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“…The most interesting and promising indication for this diagnostic technique seems to be the exploration of the colon [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], but to our knowledge clinical experience is still too scarce in the application of this examination in ear, nose and throat examination [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual endoscopy of the nasopharynx in the evaluation of its normal anatomy and alterations due to lymphoid hyperplasia: preliminary report

Pandolfo¹,

Mazziotti²,

Ascenti³

et al. 2004

Eur Radiol

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of virtual endoscopy in establishing the anatomic appearance of nasopharynx, both normal and affected by lymphoid hyperplasia. Thirty-seven patients affected by chronic rhinosinusal and otomastoid pathology, all studied by rhinoscopy, were examined with multislice computed tomography (CT) and virtual endoscopy of the nasopharynx. Rhinoscopy showed a completely normal nasopharynx in 15 cases and a variable grade of lymphoid hypertrophy in 22 patients. A general agreement was observed between traditional and virtual endoscopy findings in both subgroups. The tasca of Luschka was detected in 13/15 of normal subjects and only in 3/22 patients. The Rosenmuller fossae appeared deeper in normal subjects and their symmetry could be considered an important criterion of normality. In all cases, a good evaluation of the tubaric ostium was obtained. Differentiation between hyperplasic lymphoid tissue and neoplasms is possible only in lymphoid hyperplasia characterized by median crest-like swelling with a narrow base. In most cases, differential diagnosis cannot be based only on morphological criteria of virtual endoscopy, but it should be evaluated considering the overall CT findings and clinical presentation.

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Virtual endoscopy of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

Cited by 28 publications

References 3 publications

Virtual Reality Simulators for Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery: The Present and Future

Virtual Reality Simulators for Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery: The Present and Future

Virtual endoscopy of the urinary tract

Virtual endoscopy of the nasopharynx in the evaluation of its normal anatomy and alterations due to lymphoid hyperplasia: preliminary report

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