Virally-directed fluorescent imaging (VFI) can facilitate endoscopic staging

Abstract

Background: Replication-competent, tumor specific herpes simplex virus NV1066 expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in infected cancer cells. We sought to determine the feasibility of GFPguided imaging technology in the intraoperative detection of small tumor nodules.

Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Prevents Premalignant Lesions from Progressing to Cancer

“…NV1066 is a replication-competent, attenuated HSV-1 mutant virus that has single-copy deletions of the viral genes ICP-4, ICP-0 , and γ 1 34.5 , as has been described extensively 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 , 27 , 28 . In addition to these deletions, the marker gene encoding EGFP has been inserted under the control of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter for constitutive expression 20 .…”

“…In October 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved T-VEC (talimogene laherparepvec, Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA), a herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)-expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which represents the translational success of oncolytic HSV-1 for the treatment of advanced-stage melanoma 9 . Another replication-competent HSV-1, NV1066, genetically engineered to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), has been shown to assist in the detection and killing of primary malignancies in the pleural and peritoneal cavity, as well as in cancer harboring lymph nodes and distant organs 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. Importantly, these studies support NV1066 for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications 12 , 13 , 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.…”

Herpes simplex virus 1 as an oncolytic viral therapy for refractory cancers

“…Unlike all other HSV-1 OVs that have entered clinical trials, UL34.5 remains functionally intact in the HF10 genome ( 48 ). A potential drawback of the IL34.5 loss-of-function mutants is that they replicate less efficiently, giving rise to lower viral yields as compared to wild-type virus, which could account for the limited efficacy demonstrated by T-VEC in clinical trials ( 12 , 61 , 62 ). It seems likely that functional ICP34.5 leads to high viral replication and the stronger antitumor effects of HF10 seen in clinical trials ( 63 ).…”

Value of Autofluorescence in Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery in Pleural Diseases

“…are used in clinical thoracic practice: auto and drug-induced fluorescence. [1][2][3][4] AF illumination has been shown to improve diagnostic yield in various endoscopic procedures, including colonoscopy, esophagoscopy, and others. [5][6][7][8][9] Thoracic surgeons and chest specialists frequently use AF in bronchoscopy, where its efficacy has been well documented.…”