Viral respiratory infections diagnosed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in pediatric patients

Abstract

Syndromic diagnosis by multiplex nucleic acid amplification tests is the most practical approach to respiratory tract infections since the symptoms are rarely agent‐specific. The aim of this study was to investigate the respiratory viruses in children admitted to a university hospital with acute respiratory tract infection during the last 8 years by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. A total of 3162 respiratory samples collected from children between April 2011 and April 2018 tested by a multiplex real‐time PCR assay. Two different commercial assays were used during the study period, "AusDiagnostics/Respiratory Pathogens 12 (AusDiagnostics)" used between April 2011 and December 2015, which changed to "Fast Track Diagnostics/Respiratory Pathogens 21 (Fast Track Diagnostics)" after January 2016 to cover more viruses. Nucleic acid extraction was done by EZ1 Advanced XL platform (QIAGEN). Respiratory pathogens detected in 1857 of the 3162 (58.7%) samples. The most prevalent viruses during the 8‐year period were rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV; 36.2%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV; 19%), and influenza virus A/B (14.7%). Rhinovirus was the main contributor to the RV/EV group as shown by the assay used during the 2016‐2018 period. RV/EV and adenoviruses detected throughout the year. Influenza virus was most frequently detected during January to March when both RSV and metapneumovirus were also in circulation. The coinfection percentage was 10.2%. Rhinovirus was the most common virus in coinfections while RSV plus rhinovirus/enterovirus were the most frequent combination. RSV and metapneumovirus showed a similar seasonal distribution to the influenza virus, which made it necessary to use a virological diagnostic assay during the influenza season.

Detection of human Metapneumovirus infection in children under 18 years old hospitalized in Lima-Peru

“…RSV, influenza, etc.) have a greater probability to be present in the setting of an acute respiratory tract infection (Appak et al, 2018; Brini Khalifa et al, 2018).…”

“…This emphazises that a patient with a respiratory tract infection caused by hMPV, can present a wide range of signs and symptoms which can hardly be discriminated from a clinical diagnosis of an acute respiratory tract infection. Respiratory tract infections caused by hMPV have been described as a seasonal pattern of infectious disease (Appak et al, 2018; Brini Khalifa et al, 2018). Figure 3 shows the monthly and seasonal distribution of the acute respiratory tract infections cases and those with a positive PCR for hMPV.…”

Determination of of viral agents in the respiratory samples of neutropenic patients

“…Solunum yolu viral enfeksiyonları çocuklarda ve kış aylarında daha fazla görülmektedir. Ülkemizde çocuk ve erişkinlerde yapılan sürveyans çalışmalarında Kasım-Mart aylarında daha fazla viral etkenlerin saptandığı ve en sık influenza, respiratory syncytial virüs, parainflenza, adenovirus, ve rhinovius'lara rastlanıldığı bildirilmiştir (34,35) . Çalışmamızda, en fazla coronavirus tiplerinin olması ve her ne kadar kış aylarında daha fazla olsa da yıl boyunca dalgalı bir seyir göstermesi bir farklılıktır.…”

Colorimetric Test for Fast Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal and Throat Swabs

“…Due to its complexity, RT-PCR tests are performed in certified laboratories, are time consuming, require experienced personnel, and can hardly lend themselves for mass screening. [3][4][5][6] Huge efforts are put in overcoming such a bottleneck thereby making nucleic acid amplification suitable for Point Of Care tests, but the variety of methods 7 and the lack of any commercial solution demonstrates that the gap between research and real applications is still to be filled. 8 The main reason for that has to be found in the detection principle (RNA-extraction, reverse transcription and amplification) whose complexity, though greatly reduced by several approaches (e.g.…”