Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV Id) infections are detected more consistently using syndromic vs. active surveillance

Vennerström, Pia; Välimäki, Elina; Lyytikäinen, Tapani; Hautaniemi, Maria; Vidgrén, Gabriele; Koski, Perttu; Virtala, Anna‐Maija

doi:10.3354/dao03161

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The training of farmers can be a surveillance and monitoring initiation in aquatic disease control as well as increase and expand the participation in disease monitoring. This can be supported by a study on viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHSV) detection in Finnish brackish‐water rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss , which revealed that syndromic surveillance by farmers outperformed active surveillance from fish health personnel (Vennerström et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Blood and liver biopsy for the non‐destructive screening of tilapia lake virus

Chiamkunakorn

Machimbirike

Senapin

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Detection of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) in tilapines is mainly from visceral organs of killed fish. However, lethal sampling might not be viable to broodstock and economically important ornamental cichlids. To contribute towards screening of the virus in asymptomatic infected fish, a subclinically infected population of Nile tilapia adults obtained from a local farm was preliminarily tested to compare different non‐lethal sampling methods, for example liver biopsy, gill biopsy, fin clip, mucus, faeces and blood for detection of TiLV. Only liver and blood samples gave positive results by PCR. Since blood sampling is relatively simpler, it was further used for five naturally co‐cultured juvenile fish species from above‐mentioned farm including 40 red tilapia broodstock and 20 Nile tilapia adults from two other different farms. The results showed that from the tested fish, 4 of 5 Nile tilapia, 2 of 5 hybrid red tilapia and 3 of 5 giant gourami blood samples tested positive, while 38 of 40 blood samples of red tilapia tested positive for TiLV in second‐step PCR. Sequencing representative PCR amplicons of positive samples confirmed sequence identity to TiLV. In conclusion, both blood and liver biopsy are practical non‐destructive sampling platforms for TiLV screening in cichlids with blood being more convenient, especially for tilapia broodstock.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Blood and liver biopsy for the non‐destructive screening of tilapia lake virus

Chiamkunakorn

Machimbirike

Senapin

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…A recent study from Finland has shown that voluntary submission of suspected diseased fish by farmers is a more efficient approach to surveillance compared to government-based surveillance programs [ 35 ]. Therefore, the aquaculture industry in Iran should find ways of sponsoring this type of proactive voluntary and industry-driven surveillance program, which yielded the majority of isolates described here, and it needs to review and standardize biosecurity measures in the production of farmed trout to better control the continued spread of VHSV and IHNV across the sector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Novirhabdoviruses Emerging in Iranian Trout Farms

Ahmadivand

Palić

Weidmann³

2021

Viruses

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Novirhabdoviruses cause large epizootics and economic losses of farmed trout. In this study, we surveyed Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus and Infectious hematopoietic and necrosis virus (VHSV and IHNV) through both monitoring and investigation of clinical outbreaks reported by farmers in the regions with major rainbow trout production in Iran from 2015 to 2019. RT-PCR assays of the kidney samples and cell culture (EPC/FHM cells) samples confirmed the presence of the viruses, with 9 VHSV and 4 IHNV isolates, in both endemic and new areas of Iran. Sequence analysis of the G gene revealed that VHSV isolates belonged to genogroup Ia, and IHNV isolates were clustered into genogroup E, both typical for isolates from European countries. A haplotype analysis based on non-homologous amino acids of the G gene supports the emergence of two lineages of IHNV from clade 1 (E-1), as well as VHSV clade 2 (Ia-2) of the European genogroups, confirming that VHSV and IHNV isolates in Iran, have originated from Europe possibly via imported eggs.

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