Viral gastroenteritis in rotavirus negative hospitalized children &lt;5 years of age from the independent states of the former Soviet Union

Chhabra, Preeti; Самойлович, Е. О.; Yermalovich, Marina A.; Chernyshova, Liudmyla; Gheorghita, Stela; Cojocaru, Radu; Shugayev, Nazim; Sahakyan, Gayane; Lashkarashvili, M.; Chubinidze, Marina; Zakhashvili, Khatuna; Videbaek, Dovile; Wasley, Annemarie; Vinjé, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.10.013

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The molecular characterization of the enteric adenovirus strains showed a clear predominance of HAdV-41 (45.2 %) while the incidence of HAdV-40 (16.1 %) was lower, which is consistent with numerous studies in various parts of the world [11,12,62,63]. However, HAdV-40 and HAdV-41 infections were reported to occur at equal frequency in diarrhea children in some areas [44,64,65]. Some studies have reported that antigenic drift of HAdV-41 has led to an increase in HAdV-41 prevalence and a decrease in HAdV-40 [9,13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In our study, we observed high prevalence of HAdV in February, March and May, which was similar to the results of a study conducted in Bangladesh, but different from what was observed in Tanzania [9,43]. Because of the limited numbers, no seasonal pattern could be concluded based on the prevalence of HAstV in this study, which is consistent with a study in the independent states of the former Soviet Union [44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Molecular characterization and multiple infections of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus in outpatients with sporadic gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2010–2011

Jia

Zhong

et al. 2015

Arch Virol

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Rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), sapovirus (SaV), human astrovirus (HAstV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) are significant because they are the most common pathogens that cause diarrhea in young children. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic characteristics and compare the roles of these five viruses in outpatient children with diarrhea in Shanghai. A total of 436 fecal samples were collected from pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis from January 2010 to December 2011. The selected samples were subjected to reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) or PCR to detect and genotype RV, NoV, SaV, HAstV and HAdV. RV (43.3 %, 189/436) was the most prevalent virus, followed by NoV (28.9 %, 126/436), HAdV (7.1 %, 31/436). HAstV (1.8 %, 8/436) and SaV (0.5 %, 2/436). The percentage of multiple infection cases was 14.9 % (65/436), and RV + NoV was the predominant mixed infection. The RV genotype combinations of P[8]G3 (52/189, 27.5 %), P[8]G1 (51/189, 26.9 %) and P[8]G9 (48/189, 25.4 %) occurred most frequently. The predominant NoV genotype was GII.4 (73.0 %, 92/126), and the majority of GII.4 clustered as GII.4-2006b (65.2 %, 60/92). Two of the SaV cases were identified as GI.2 and GII.1. All HAstV-positive samples belonged to HAstV-1. The predominant HAdV type was HAdV-41 (45.2 %, 14/31). This study clearly shows the diversity of the viral causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in outpatient children in Shanghai, which will provide baseline information for future vaccination strategies and development in this area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Molecular characterization and multiple infections of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus in outpatients with sporadic gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2010–2011

Jia

Zhong

et al. 2015

Arch Virol

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“…Genogroup IV has been frequently reported in children as well as adults with gastroenteritis [4,10,32,33] and particularly in SaV-associated outbreaks [7,8,34,35]. The second most prevalent and widely-distributed genotype, GI.2, is also frequently reported in patients with gastroenteritis worldwide [6,8,10,30,31]. Strains from SA shared even higher nucleotide identity (99-100%) with SaVs from other countries, particularly recent strains reported in Asia (2012) [18] and Japan (2003) [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus is predominantly reported in outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis in children [2][3][4][5][6], but has more recently been reported in adult populations [7][8][9][10]. Sapoviruses are small, non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse sapovirus genotypes identified in children hospitalised with gastroenteritis in selected regions of South Africa

Murray

Nadan

Page³

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Infections with these viruses can be particularly severe for children ˂ 5 years of age. They are second only to rotavirus as etiologic agents of childhood diarrhea in both low-/ middle- and high-income countries (Chhabra et al, 2014; Ramani and Kang, 2009; Walker et al, 2013; Yu et al, 2015). In those countries where routine vaccination against rotavirus has been implemented, human norovirus has become the more commonly detected agent of childhood diarrhea (Hemming et al, 2013; Payne et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-exposure antiviral treatment of norovirus infections effectively protects against diarrhea and reduces virus shedding in the stool in a mortality mouse model

et al. 2016

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Noroviruses are a leading cause of gastroenteritis across the world in all age groups and are linked to increased hospitalization and mortality in children, the elderly and immunocompromised. The development of specific antiviral treatment for norovirus gastroenteritis is urgently needed. We explored in a mouse model whether an inhibitor of norovirus replication could be used therapeutically post murine norovirus (MNV)-infection of mice. Using the MNV, we previously discovered that the viral polymerase inhibitor 2’-C-methylcytidine (2CMC) is able to protect against diarrhea and mortality in mice when used prophylactically and to block the transmission of MNV between mice. Here, we investigated whether 2CMC could be used therapeutically, starting treatment between 12 h and 3 days post-infection with 2CMC. Post-exposure treatment of MNV-infected mice with 2CMC was efficient up to 2 days after infection, preventing norovirus-induced diarrhea, delaying and reducing MNV shedding in stool of treated mice. Rehydration of 2CMC-treated animals did not result in a further improvement of the disease evolution compared to antiviral treatment only. The presence of MNV antigens and inflammation in the small intestine of infected mice inversely correlated with the effectiveness of delayed antiviral treatment. Anti-MNV IgGs were detected in re-challenged mice 10 weeks after the first contact, these protected the mice from re-infection. We here demonstrate the benefit of antiviral treatment in ongoing norovirus infections.

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Viral gastroenteritis in rotavirus negative hospitalized children <5 years of age from the independent states of the former Soviet Union

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Molecular characterization and multiple infections of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus in outpatients with sporadic gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2010–2011

Molecular characterization and multiple infections of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus in outpatients with sporadic gastroenteritis in Shanghai, China, 2010–2011

Diverse sapovirus genotypes identified in children hospitalised with gastroenteritis in selected regions of South Africa

Post-exposure antiviral treatment of norovirus infections effectively protects against diarrhea and reduces virus shedding in the stool in a mortality mouse model

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