Viral Clearance Course of COVID-19 Outbreaks

Samrah, Shaher; Al-Mistarehi, Abdel-Hameed; Kewan, Tariq; Al-Khatib, Sohaib M; Ibnian, Ali; Samrah, Randa S; Khassawneh, Basheer

doi:10.2147/jmdh.s302891

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Participants over the age of 18 without known cardiac or pulmonary diseases, as outlined in Figure 1 , who also reported persisting fatigue, exertional dyspnea, or cardiac symptoms after COVID-19 convalescence were included in this single center, case-control study. As viral load clearance in mild to moderate infections typically requires 10 to 13 days, leading to a negative PCR test, we defined CCS as failure of symptom resolution within 30 days of initial diagnosis ( 15 , 16 ). Cardiac symptoms were defined as persisting, occasional, or provoked chest pain, tachycardia, or shortness of breath.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac MRI in Patients with Prolonged Cardiorespiratory Symptoms after Mild to Moderate COVID-19

Kravchenko¹,

Isaak²,

Zimmer³

et al. 2021

Radiology

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Background Myocardial injury and inflammation on cardiac MRI in patients suffering from coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) have been described in recent publications. Concurrently, a chronic COVID-19 syndrome (CCS) after COVID-19 infection has been observed manifesting with symptoms like fatigue and exertional dyspnea. Purpose To explore the relationship between CCS and myocardial injury and inflammation as an underlying cause of the persistent complaints in previously healthy individuals. Materials and Methods In this prospective study from January 2021 to April 2021, study participants without known cardiac or pulmonary diseases prior to COVID-19 infection with persisting CCS symptoms like fatigue or exertional dyspnea after convalescence and healthy control participants underwent cardiac MRI. Cardiac MRI protocol included T1 and T2 relaxation times, extracellular volume (ECV), T2 signal intensity ratio, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ 2 test were used for statistical analysis. Results 41 participants with CCS (39±13 years; 18 men) and 42 control participants (39±16 years; 26 men) were evaluated. Median time between initial mild to moderate COVID-19 disease without hospitalization and cardiac MRI was 103 days (interquartile range: 88-158). Troponin T levels were normal. Parameters indicating myocardial inflammation and edema were comparable between participants with CCS and control participants: T1 relaxation time (978±23 ms vs 971±25 ms; P=.17), T2 relaxation time (53±2 ms vs 52±2 ms; P=.47), T2 signal intensity ratio (1.6±0.2 vs 1.6±0.3; P=.10). Visible myocardial edema was present in none of the participants. Three of 41 (7%) participants with CCS demonstrated non-ischemic LGE compared to none in the control group (0 of 42 [0%]; P=.07). None of the participants fulfilled the 2018 Lake Louise criteria for the diagnosis of myocarditis. Conclusion Individuals without hospitalization for COVID-19 and with CCS did not demonstrate signs of active myocardial injury or inflammation on cardiac MRI. See also the editorial by Lima and Bluemke .

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac MRI in Patients with Prolonged Cardiorespiratory Symptoms after Mild to Moderate COVID-19

Kravchenko¹,

Isaak²,

Zimmer³

et al. 2021

Radiology

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated precautionary measures have negatively impacted life in all possible ways [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In addition to the respiratory manifestation that COVID-19 mainly presents with, other manifestations and complications of the infection are vast and could include cardiovascular, thromboembolic, and neurological ones [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. In addition, COVID-19 has considerable psychological effects on patients and the general public as a whole [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence Estimates and Risk Factors of Anxiety among Healthcare Workers in Jordan over One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Yassin

Al-Mistarehi

El‐Salem

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study investigates the changes in prevalence estimates, severity, and risk factors of anxiety among healthcare workers (HCWs) over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was distributed among HCWs using snowball sampling, collecting their socio-demographics, occupation, and anxiety symptoms as measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale. It was distributed one month after the pandemic’s onset in Jordan between 15 and 30 April 2020 (onset group) and after one year between 15 and 30 March 2021 (one-year group). A total of 422 HCWs were included (211 in each group). The one-year group reported a higher risk of GAD (30.8% vs. 16.6%; p = 0.001), a higher mean (SD) GAD-7 score (7.94 (5.29) vs. 6.15 (4.15); p < 0.001), and more severe symptoms (p = 0.003). Univariate analyses showed that participants who were younger, women, unmarried, had lower monthly incomes, underwent testing for COVID-19, had higher contact with COVID-19 patients, did not receive special education, and were unsatisfied with the institutional COVID-19 preparedness scored higher on the GAD-7 scale and had more severe symptoms than their counterparts in both groups. Unlike the onset group, occupation as a physician, COVID-19 infection history, and perception of remarkable changes in work were associated with higher anxiety scores and severity among the one-year group. The COVID-19 vaccine was a relative protective action. Logistic regression analyses showed that the female gender was a risk factor for developing GAD at the pandemic onset, while poor satisfaction with institutional preparedness was a significant GAD risk factor in the one-year group. Low monthly income and lack of special education were the shared risk factors for GAD in both groups. This study reveals a significant rise in anxiety among HCWs over a year of the COVID-19 pandemic and shows the vulnerable sub-groups who likely need psychological interventions.

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“…The reason to explain achieving early RT-PCR negative status after the initial infection could be that asymptomatic persons with low viral load show early viral clearance [9,10]. A study showed a median viral clearance time of 7 days in asymptomatic versus 16.5 days in mild-moderate symptomatic patients [11]. The virusspecific antibody response in asymptomatic COVID positive people has been seen to be significantly lower than the symptomatic group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptomatic coronavirus disease followed by symptomatic reinfection in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: A case report

Narayanan¹

2021

IJCR

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been present for over a year and has been seen to behave unpredictably in different people especially those with other underlying health conditions. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) is a rare condition that can alter immune responses. There are few case reports of COVID in people with MGUS and most of these are in elderly people often with associated comorbidities. The mutual impact of COVID and MGUS in younger people (<50 years) has been far less explored, and therefore, this case report would add to such data. Although there is no conclusive evidence to suggest that MGUS increases predisposition or significantly impacts the clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19, it can have some bearing on serological assessment in both COVID infected or vaccinated individuals.

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Viral Clearance Course of COVID-19 Outbreaks

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Cardiac MRI in Patients with Prolonged Cardiorespiratory Symptoms after Mild to Moderate COVID-19

Cardiac MRI in Patients with Prolonged Cardiorespiratory Symptoms after Mild to Moderate COVID-19

Prevalence Estimates and Risk Factors of Anxiety among Healthcare Workers in Jordan over One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Asymptomatic coronavirus disease followed by symptomatic reinfection in a patient with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: A case report

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