Violencia de género y vulnerabilidad: Estrategias locales para reclamar los derechos de la mujer en México

Abstract

Este texto aborda las estrategias de protección de las mujeres en riesgo de sufrir violencia, realizadas por órganos y organizaciones de derechos humanos en México. Se centra en las diferentes formas de violencia y vulnerabilidad interseccionales y acumulativas contra las mujeres y las niñas, incluso de tipo económico e institucional. Se explora cómo tales mecanismos, basados en la comprensión nacional y local del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, pueden abordar mejor las vulnerabilidades estructurales sufridas por las mujeres frente a diferentes categorías de riesgo, como las solicitantes de asilo, las migrantes indocumentadas y las refugiadas.

The paradox of choice in the sexual and reproductive health and rights challenges of south-south migrant girls and women in Central America and Mexico: A scoping review of the literature

“…(2018) Qualitative Mexico-Guatemala border region 30 female international migrant domestic and agricultural workers aged 18 years and older Assess the prevalence of sexual violence in the context of labor exploitation and subsequent health outcomes among migrant women 22 Medecins Sans Frontieres (2020) Qualitative Mexico, El Salvador 37 women of 480 total participants, mostly Central American migrants in migrant shelters, age range of all participants 15–66 years Explore drivers of migration, migration routes, exposure to violence and principal health problems and barriers migrants face in accessing health services 23 Cardenas-Rodriguez and Vázquez Delgado (2014) Qualitative Mexico northern border Number of interviews not stated but done with personnel from 6 migrant shelters one police task force Evaluate the resources of public policy related to the risks and vulnerability female migrants face in transit 24 Acharya (2019) Qualitative Mexico northern region 68 female internally trafficked sex workers and laborers, exact age range unspecified but below age 15 to over age 25 Explore the prevalence of violence against trafficked sex workers and implications for physical injuries and disabilities 25 Stephen (2019) Qualitative Guatemala 3 young female victims of sexual violence that led first to internal migration then international migration Illustrate historical and contemporary structures and processes of violence that center on the normalization of multiple forms of implied or actual physical and sexual violence against women 26 Wang et al. (2019) Qualitative USA (asylum seekers from Central America) 70 female asylum seekers fleeing gender-based violence, first internal migration then international, aged 18–55 years Elucidate the forms of persecution experienced by asylum seekers fleeing gender-based violence, and the physical and psychological sequelae of this violence 27 Zarco-Ortiz (2018) Qualitative Mexico southern border 2 transgender women international migrants ages not specified Analyze the migratory process of transgender women and their displacements from body, space-territory, and transborder categories 28 Estrada-Tanck (2017) Qualitative M...…”

“…For example, intimate partner and gender-based violence as well as nonconsensual sexual relations violate the right of bodily integrity and the ability to choose whether to be sexually active or not. If taken together, 30 articles touched on issues rooted in these varied aspects of bodily integrity and sexual relations (components four through seven) ( Acharya, 2010 ; Medecins Sans Frontieres, 2017 ; Goldenberg et al., 2012 ; Gandhi et al., 2015 ; Conners et al., 2017 ; Ojeda et al., 2012 ; Morris et al., 2013 ; Goldenberg et al., 2016 ; Rocha-Jiménez et al., 2017 ; Pintin-Perez et al., 2018 ; Rocha-Jiménez et al., 2020; Rangel et al., 2012 ; Rodriguez-Montejano et al., 2015 ; Kendall and Pelcastre, 2010 ; Rocha-Jiménez et al., 2018 ; Febres-Cordero et al., 2018 ; Goldenberg et al., 2018 ; Servin et al., 2018 ; Medecins Sans Frontieres, 2020 ; Cardenas-Rodriguez and Vázquez Delgado, 2014 ; Acharya, 2019 ; Stephen, 2019 ; Wang et al., 2019 ; Zarco-Ortiz, 2018 ; Estrada-Tanck, 2017 ; Gustafsson, 2018 ; Angulo-Pasel, 2018 ; Rocha-Jimenez et al., 2016 ; Lopez et al., 2015 ). A total of 19 articles described aspects of access to sexual health services – largely for testing for sexually transmitted infections ( Acharya, 2010 ; Camarena Ojinaga et al., 2017 ; Serván-Mori et al., 2013 ; Medecins Sans Frontieres, 2017 ; Goldenberg et al., 2016 ; Rocha-Jiménez et al., 2017 ; Pintin-Perez et al., 2018 ; Rangel et al., 2012 ; Rodriguez-Montejano et al., 2015 ; Leyva-Flores et al., 2013 ; Rocha-Jiménez et al., 2018 ; Febres-Cordero et al., 2018 ; Goldenberg et al., 2018 ; Servin et al., 2018 ; Medecins Sans Frontieres, 2020…”

How do we tackle the COVID-19 crisis? Mass media and psychological responses to the health crisis in Spain

“…For all these reasons, we could say that there is a gendered pattern in how people psychologically and emotionally deal the COVID-19 crisis. As it stated the literature, certain individuals and groups can be victims of particular situations where structural [Estrada-Tanck, 2017] and symbolic violence [Bardall, 2020;Galarza Fernández, Cobo Bedía and Esquembre Cerdá, 2016] occur. Women are more frequently victims of this kind of violence and often have to face situations of stigma within their own society in terms of the tasks they are expected to carry out (caregivers and housekeepers) and the social roles they are supposed to assume and perform [Fernández et al, 2014].…”

Valoración del riesgo de violencia contra la pareja al inicio de la denuncia por violencia familiar mediante la SARA

“…En la actualidad hay diferentes planteamientos de orden social y legal que conciben la violencia hacia las mujeres como el resultado de la construcción social del género y no como una cuestión doméstica o biológica, lo cual pone en discusión la terminología a usar para referirse a esta (Estrada, Gutiérrez, Gamboa & Rodríguez, 2014), sin embargo dichas categorías hacen alusión a diferentes formas de violencia que van desde una óptica de menor a mayor especificidad, sugiriendo que el comportamiento violento entre conyugues, familiares y personas que tienen o han tenido una relación sentimental íntima se clasificarían en: violencia doméstica, familiar o contra la pareja (Arbach & Andrés-Pueyo, 2014).…”