Violence and conservation: Beyond unintended consequences and unfortunate coincidences

Bocarejo, Diana; Ojeda, Diana

doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.11.001

Cited by 105 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…En otras regiones de Colombia, por ejemplo, las prácticas de conservación, incluido el ecoturismo, han desplegado estrategias de borradura de las comunidades campesinas a través de su criminalización, despojo y amenazas de muerte por no ser los tipos de sujeto que pueden convivir con la Naturaleza, como sí son considerados los indígenas (Ojeda, 2012a;González, 2014;Bocarejo y Ojeda, 2016). 13 A diferencia de estos casos, el ecoturismo en el Guaviare se convertiría en una tecnología de gobierno para la regulación y transformación de los campesinos ilegales y depredadores de la Naturaleza en campesinos emprendedores-ambientales, lo que les permitiría responder a los requerimientos de conservación y desarrollo.…”

Section: El Ecoturismo: Racionalidades Y Tecnologías De Gobiernounclassified

Ecoturismo, gubernamentalidad neoliberal y despojos en la Amazonia colombiana

Montenegro-Perini¹

2017

univ.humanist.

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universitas humanística no. 84 julio-diciembre de 2017 pp: 35-73 bogotá -colombia issn 0120-4807 (impreso) issn 2011-2734 (en línea) Iván Montenegro-PeriniEcoturismo, gubernamentalidad neoliberal y despojos en la Amazonia colombiana ResumenEste artículo analiza hasta qué punto los campesinos de una zona del departamento del Guaviare (Amazonia colombiana) fueron sujetados por los principios del ecoturismo neoliberal, y examina los efectos sociopolíticos asociados a la disposición de los conocimientos ambientalesempresariales en sus vidas. Exploro las adaptaciones y límites de la medioambientalidad neoliberal, en el marco del ecoturismo, y los efectos socioecológicos de sus tecnologías de gobierno sobre poblaciones campesinas. Me concentro particularmente en cómo estas tecnologías se adaptan a intereses de grupos particulares de la región, y en cómo, a través de diversos mecanismos i/legales, el ecoturismo se vuelve funcional a estrategias sofisticadas de despojo que los campesinos deben sortear. Por un lado, examino los despojos en nombre de la conservación a través de la culpabilización de los campesinos, y, por el otro, abordo la configuración de otras modalidades de despojo más sutiles que he llamado despojos político-ontológicos. Palabras clave: ecoturismo; gubernamentalidad neoliberal; conservación; despojos; campesinos; Amazonia Ecotourism, Neoliberal Governmentality, and Dispossession in the Colombian Amazon AbstractThis paper analyzes the extent to which peasants in an area of Guaviare (Colombian Amazon) were subjected to neoliberal ecotourism principles, and examines the socio-political effects related to the incorporation of environmental-business knowledge in their lives. I explore the adaptations and limits of neoliberal environmentality within the framework of ecotourism and the socio-ecological effects of its government technologies on peasants populations. I focus particularly on how these technologies are tailored to the interests of particular groups in the region, and how, through various il/legal mechanisms, ecotourism becomes functional to sophisticated dispossession strategies that peasants must face. On the one hand, I examine dispossessions in the name of conservation by blaming in peasants, and on the other hand, I approach the configuration of other subtler forms of dispossession that I have called politico-ontological dispossessions. Keywords: ecotourism; neoliberal governmentality; conservation; dispossessions; peasants; Amazonia Ecoturismo, governamentalidade neoliberal e espoliação na Amazônia colombiana ResumoEste artigo analisa até que ponto os camponeses de uma área do departamento de Guaviare (Amazônia colombiana) foram sujeitos pelos princípios do ecoturismo neoliberal, e examina os efeitos sócio-políticos associados à disposição dos conhecimentos ambientais-empresariais nas suas vidas. Exploro as adaptações e limites da meioambientalidade neoliberal, no quadro do ecoturismo, e os efeitos sócio ecológicos de suas tecnologias de governo sobre populações camponesas. Foco-me particu...

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Section: El Ecoturismo: Racionalidades Y Tecnologías De Gobiernounclassified

Ecoturismo, gubernamentalidad neoliberal y despojos en la Amazonia colombiana

Montenegro-Perini¹

2017

univ.humanist.

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“…98-2007, Title X, Chapter II. In this vein, the securitization of protected areas is tethered to the criminalization of the people who reside within these contested sites (Ojeda, 2012;Bocarejo and Ojeda, this issue). The criminalization of black and indigenous peoples is authorized by spatial imaginaries of difference, which render Garífuna illicit, not only for their extractive activities within protected areas, but increasingly for their presumed complicity in the drug trade, which resonates with larger racialized discourses that conflate blackness with criminality.…”

Section: The Case Of Guillermo Noralesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation by racialized dispossession: The making of an eco-destination on Honduras’s North Coast

Loperena

2016

Geoforum

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“…During the opening ceremony of the second Colombian Protected Areas Congress “Protected areas: territories for peace and life”, held in Bogotá in 2014, a Kogi indigenous leader from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta demanded that traditional authorities be recognised as central to the discussion of the use and management of ancestral territories located in the Sierra Nevada National Natural Park. His message reflects a long history of conflicts between communities and protected areas in Colombia (Andrade, ; Bocarejo & Ojeda, ; De Pourcq et al., ; Ojeda, ). He was followed by an Afro‐descendant leader from the Gulf of Tribugá, who called for support for the declaration of a Marine Protected Area (MPA) to defend his collective territory from the destructive impacts of industrial fisheries (this MPA was established in late 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fluid geographies: Marine territorialisation and the scaling up of local aquatic epistemologies on the Pacific coast of Colombia

Satizábal

Batterbury

2017

Trans Inst British Geog

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The Pacific region of Colombia, like many sparsely populated places in developing countries, has been imagined as empty in social terms, and yet full in terms of natural resources and biodiversity. These imaginaries have enabled the creation of frontiers of land and sea control, where the state as well as private and illegal actors have historically dispossessed Afro‐descendant and indigenous peoples. This paper contributes to the understanding of territorialisation in the oceans, where political and legal framings of the sea as an open‐access public good have neglected the existence of marine social processes. It shows how Afro‐descendant communities and non‐state actors are required to use the language of resources, rather than socio‐cultural attachment, to negotiate state marine territorialisation processes. Drawing on a case study on the Pacific coast of Colombia, we demonstrate that Afro‐descendant communities hold local aquatic epistemologies, in which knowledge and the production of space are entangled in fluid and volumetric spatio‐temporal dynamics. However, despite the social importance of aquatic environments, they were excluded from Afro‐descendants' collective territorial rights in the 1990s. Driven by their local aquatic epistemologies, coastal communities are reclaiming authority over the seascape through the creation of a marine protected area. We argue that they have transformed relations of authority at sea to ensure local access and control, using state institutional instruments to subvert and challenge the legal framing of the sea as an open access public good. As such, this marine protected area represents a place of resistance that ironically subjects coastal communities to disciplinary technologies of conservation.

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Violence and conservation: Beyond unintended consequences and unfortunate coincidences

Cited by 105 publications

References 24 publications

Ecoturismo, gubernamentalidad neoliberal y despojos en la Amazonia colombiana

Ecoturismo, gubernamentalidad neoliberal y despojos en la Amazonia colombiana

Conservation by racialized dispossession: The making of an eco-destination on Honduras’s North Coast

Fluid geographies: Marine territorialisation and the scaling up of local aquatic epistemologies on the Pacific coast of Colombia

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