Violence and birth outcomes: Evidence from homicides in Brazil

Koppensteiner, Martin Foureaux; Manacorda, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.11.003

Cited by 76 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Foureaux Koppensteiner and Manacorda (2016) examine the role of neighborhood violence in a set of small municipalities as well as the large and violent city of Fortaleza in Brazil on birth outcomes. They find that increased violence leads to increased prematurity and low birth weight.…”

Section: The Measurable Consequences Of Being Kidnappedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesize that the stress level of women who were forced into marriage is higher than that of women who had a choice over their spouse. Given that stress was repeatedly shown to be an important determinant of birth outcomes (Bozzoli and Quintana-Domeque, 2014;Camacho, 2008;Foureaux Koppensteiner and Manacorda, 2016;Mansour and Rees, 2012;Torche, 2011), we expect the birth outcomes of women in forced marriages to be worse than those of women in other types of marriage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forced Marriage and Birth Outcomes

2017

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Abstract:We study the impact of bride kidnapping, a form of marriage practiced in Central Asia and elsewhere, on infant birth weight. Considerable debate exists as to whether kidnapping is merely ritualized elopement, or whether it involves bride coercion. To the extent that it is non-consensual, we expect adverse consequences from such marriages, working through poor spousal matching quality and subsequent psychosocial stress. Remarkable survey data from rural Kyrgyzstan enable us to explore differential outcomes for kidnapped women. We apply several estimation models, including an IV estimation in which we instrument kidnapping among young women with the district-level prevalence of kidnapping among older women and an OLS regression with district fixed effects. Our findings indicate that children born to kidnapped mothers are of a substantially lower birth weight than children born to mothers who are not kidnapped. We further find less positively assorted mating among spouses in kidnapped marriages than in other types and higher divorce rates among kidnapped women. These findings have important implications for children's long-term development; they also discredit the ritualized-kidnapping-as-elopement view.

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Section: The Measurable Consequences Of Being Kidnappedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced Marriage and Birth Outcomes

2017

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“…Other channels that can possibly explain the negative effect of unemployment on infant health include mothers' health behaviour during the pregnancy. Cigarette smoking and nutrition affect the intrauterine growth, while length of gestation is influenced by smoking and stress (Torche, 2011;Koppensteiner and Manacorda, 2016). Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure has been found to have negative effects on new-borns by crossing the placenta and passing to the foetal, and by decreasing the supply of oxygen and food (Jones and Smith, 1973;West et al, 1994;Goodlett and Horn, 2001).…”

Section: Mechanism Ii: Maternal Health Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Unemployment Worsen Babies’ Health? A Tale of Siblings, Maternal Behaviour and Selection

2020

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We study the effect of unemployment on birth outcomes by exploiting geographical variation in the unemployment rate across local areas in England, and comparing siblings born to the same mother via family fixed effects. Using rich individual data from hospital administrative records between 2003 and 2012, babies' health is found to be strongly procyclical. A one-percentage point increase in the unemployment rate leads to an increase in low birth weight and preterm babies of respectively 1.3 and 1.4%, and a 0.1% decrease in foetal growth. We find heterogenous responses: unemployment has an effect on babies' health which varies from strongly adverse in the most deprived areas, to mildly favourable in the most prosperous areas. We provide evidence of three channels that can explain the overall negative effect of unemployment on new-born health: maternal stress; unhealthy behaviours -namely excessive alcohol consumption and smoking; and delays in the takeup of prenatal services. While the heterogenous effects of unemployment by area of deprivation seem to be explained by maternal behaviour. Most importantly, we also show for the first time that selection into fertility is the main driver for the previously observed, opposite counter-cyclical results, e.g., Dehejia and Lleras-Muney (2004). Our results are robust to internal migration, different geographical aggregation of the unemployment rate, the use of gender-specific unemployment rates, and potential endogeneity of the unemployment rate which we control for by using a shift-share instrumental variable approach. JEL Classification:E24, I10, I12, J13

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“…It emphasizes the prevalence, incidence, and social impact of gender-based violence on women themselves (Ellsberg et al, 2014) and on their children (Aizer, 2011;Almond and Currie, 2011;Foureaux, Koppensteiner, and Manacorda, 2013) (2011) find that a one-year increase in average male educational attainment reduces incarceration In their review of randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs of family therapeutic interventions, Olds et al (1997) examine the long-term effects of home-visitation services and find that during the 15-year period after the birth of the first child, the rate be shaped, and to the extent that such skills will enable people to socially function better and give them agency, they can foster an ability to engage productively in society and promote economic mobility (Heckman and Kautz, 2013), which in turn, makes deviant behavior relatively more costly (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990).…”

Section: Social Prevention Of Violence In Youth and Against Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closing Knowledge Gaps: Toward Evidence-Based Crime Prevention Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean

Jaitman

Compeán

2015

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work is licensed under a Creative Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any noncommercial purpose. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license.Note that the link provided above includes additional terms and conditions of the license.The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent.Contact: Laura Jaitman, ljaitman@iadb.org Roberto Guerrero Compeán, rguerrero@iadb.org

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Violence and birth outcomes: Evidence from homicides in Brazil

Cited by 76 publications

References 46 publications

Forced Marriage and Birth Outcomes

Forced Marriage and Birth Outcomes

Does Unemployment Worsen Babies’ Health? A Tale of Siblings, Maternal Behaviour and Selection

Closing Knowledge Gaps: Toward Evidence-Based Crime Prevention Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean

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