Violating Conversational Conventions Disrupts Cognitive Processing of Attitude Questions

Holbrook, Allyson; Krosnick, Jon A.; Carson, Richard T.; Mitchell, Robert Cameron

doi:10.1006/jesp.1999.1411

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In addition, these items were detected as sources of misspecifi cation errors. We agree with Holbrook et al (2000) and we suggest that in future uses of the scale these items should either be deleted or reworded to have the same polarity as the rest.…”

Section: Analysis and Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

The role of brand experience and affective commitment in determining brand loyalty

2011

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He is Director of the Survey Research Centre at ESADE. His fi elds of interest are the research design and the improvement of measurement in social sciences mainly using structural equation models. His currently substantive research focuses on the development of social and emotional competences.ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to study the direct and indirect relationship between brand experience and brand loyalty. The authors propose that the relationship is mediated by affective commitment. A survey-based quantitative approach is used to test the hypotheses based on the proposed theoretical model that delineates the relationships between brand experience, affective commitment and brand loyalty. The data were collected using traditional pen and paper as well as online surveys and were analysed using Structural Equations Modelling. The analysis suggests that affective commitment mediates the relationship between brand experience and brand loyalty for all three product categories that were studied (cars, laptops and sneakers). The article extends the understanding of the brand experience construct by studying its infl uence on brand loyalty and also by incorporating affective commitment as a mediating variable. In our sample, the fi ndings support the fact that developing brand experience infl uences customer loyalty only through affective commitment.

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Section: Analysis and Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

The role of brand experience and affective commitment in determining brand loyalty

2011

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“…Because the data come from a web survey in which the questions are presented visually, future research should examine which order of response options gives results that are consistent across self-administration and interviewer-administration, because aural presentations of items are associated with recency effects in which respondents are more likely to endorse response options presented at the end of the list [20]. In addition, previous research suggests that ordering options from negative to positive may increase measurement error [32], although this research uses items in which the negative to positive ordering goes against conversational norms (“against or for” compared to “for or against”) in a way that is not comparable to SRH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of response option order and question order on self-rated health

2014

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Objectives This study aims to assess the impact of response option order and question order on the distribution of responses to the self-rated health (SRH) question and the relationship between SRH and other health-related measures. Methods In an online panel survey, we implement a 2-by-2 between-subjects factorial experiment, manipulating the following levels of each factor: 1) order of response options (“excellent” to “poor” versus “poor” to “excellent”); and 2) order of SRH item (either preceding or following the administration of domain-specific health items). We use chi-square difference tests, polychoric correlations, and differences in means and proportions to evaluate the effect of the experimental treatments on SRH responses and the relationship between SRH and other health measures. Results Mean SRH is higher (better health) and proportion in “fair” or “poor” health lower when response options are ordered from “excellent” to “poor” and SRH is presented first compared to other experimental treatments. Presenting SRH after domain-specific health items increases its correlation with these items, particularly when response options are ordered “excellent” to “poor.” Among participants with the highest level of current health risks, SRH is worse when it is presented last versus first. Conclusion While more research on the presentation of SRH is needed across a range of surveys, we suggest that ordering response options from “poor” to “excellent” might reduce positive clustering. Given the question order effects found here, we suggest presenting SRH before domain-specific health items in order to increase inter-survey comparability, as domain-specific health items will vary across surveys.

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“…Further, the concurrent validity of SRH is better-the association between SRH answers and medical plan visits is significant-when the SRH response options are ordered from negative to positive (Means et al 1989), although replication is needed with other criteria and larger samples. While beginning with the less desirable end of the scale has been suggested to expand the range of response options that respondents consider (Sudman and Bradburn 1982), more research is needed-examining the mode of administration and whether ordering response options from negative to positive violates conversational norms (Holbrook et al 2000)-in order to support a recommendation to do so for SRH (Garbarski, Schaeffer, and Dykema 2015a).…”

Section: Survey Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research in and Prospects for the Measurement of Health Using Self-Rated Health

Garbarski¹

2016

PUBOPQ

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Self-rated health (SRH)-for example, "in general would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?"-is the most widely used measure of health across a range of survey research studies. This paper synthesizes extant research and provides a framework for future research on the measurement of health using SRH, focusing on four interrelated topics: the factors that influence respondents' health ratings, the survey measurement features of SRH, how SRH answers are analyzed, and the stated purpose of SRH as a proxy for more objective health or as a perception of health.Extant research on the health, psychological, and social factors influencing respondents' SRH answers is reviewed, as is research concerned with the survey measurement features of SRH that influence how respondents rate their health. The synthesis proposes a framework for future research that focuses on further explicating the factors that underlie respondents' SRH answers and improving features of SRH measurement and analysis in ways that are consistent with the various goals of the researchers who both collect and analyze the data.

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Violating Conversational Conventions Disrupts Cognitive Processing of Attitude Questions

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

The role of brand experience and affective commitment in determining brand loyalty

The role of brand experience and affective commitment in determining brand loyalty

The effects of response option order and question order on self-rated health

Research in and Prospects for the Measurement of Health Using Self-Rated Health

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