Vingt ans de politiques de rééquilibrage en Nouvelle-Calédonie : Démocratisation de l’école mais persistance des inégalités ethniques

Hadj, Laure; Lagadec, Gaël; Lavigne, Gérard; Ris, Catherine

doi:10.4000/formationemploi.3855

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The Kanak people have recovered the lands that had been seised and have greater access to employment and services. Important economic decisions are taken in situ, and advances have been made in rebalancing, although social and economic inequalities with an ethnic bias persist (Hadj et al 2012;Hadj 2016;Rallu 2018;United Nations 2011). Nickel has been an intrinsic part of structuring the colony and is loaded with symbolic and political meaning, butdespite its continued importance as a resourceit no longer has the global strategic nature that it once did or forms the base of the island economy.…”

Section: The Economic Dimension Of the Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Bajo

2021

The Journal of North African Studies

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New Caledonia-Kanaky and Western Sahara have several features in common, beyond the fact that both geographical entities appear on the United Nations list of non-self-governing territories. However, each territory has followed a very different process in its search for a definitive status. Since the late 1980s, New Caledonia has been the site of a bilateral political negotiation process with France that recently reached a milestone: two referendums held on the future of the territory. In Western Sahara, where a Settlement Plan was promoted by the UN, no significant advances have been made in the last 20 years. For New Caledonia, the results of the most recent regional elections and the 2018 and 2020 referendums provide the data to do a critical reading of the strategy deployed by the French government to give the territory significant autonomy and a new development model based on natural resources; instead of achieving the expected objective of winning loyalties, the New Caledonian identity was affirmed and independentist sympathies strengthened. In Western Sahara, Morocco has deployed an autonomist rhetoric and a new model of economic development in the south, but nothing has effectively materialised. New Caledonia has shown that, instead of ensuring loyalties, allowing self-government and partial control over natural resources in a territory in the midst of a decolonisation process fuels independentist movements and broadens their base.

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Section: The Economic Dimension Of the Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Bajo

2021

The Journal of North African Studies

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“… Source : Hadj et al, 2012. Champ : population de 14 ans et plus. Note : Les données individuelles de 1989 ne sont pas disponibles. Lecture : en 2009 un non Kanak a 4,8 fois de probabilité qu’un Kanak d’être bachelier, en contrôlant par l’âge, le sexe et la province de résidence ce rapport est de 4,4. …”

Section: Les Trois Provinces De La Nouvelle-calédonieunclassified

Provinces et rééquilibrage des inégalités en Nouvelle-Calédonie - Quelle mesure de la pauvreté ?

Hadj

2016

Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de Méthodologie S

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In this article, methodological choices were made and norms adopted in order to calculate the relative poverty line in New Caledonia based on the data of the Household Consumer Budget Survey. This paper presents and discusses these choices which permit the establishment of poverty scenarios according to the Province of residence of the population. Provinces are thus a statistical and a political-administrative scales which permit an adjustment of political, economical and social inequalities. Ré suméEn Nouvelle-Calédonie, la mesure du seuil de pauvreté relatif selon l'enquête Budget Consommation des Ménages (BCM) repose sur des choix méthodologiques et des conventions. Cet article présente et discute ces choix qui permettent d'établir des scénarios de pauvreté selon la province de résidence de la population. Les provinces sont à la fois une échelle statistique et une échelle politico-administrative de mise en oeuvre d'un rééquilibrage des inégalités politiques, économiques et sociales.

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Has “White Nouméa” Become More Kanak?

Pantz

2024

Geographies of New Caledonia-Kanaky

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During the entire period of the “Code de l’Indigénat” (Indigenous Code applied between 1887 and 1946), the Indigenous Kanak people were excluded from the capital city of the New Caledonian archipelago. With this city ban, the colonial administration contributed to the long-term marginalisation of the Kanak presence in Nouméa. In the aftermath of World War II and after the departure of American troops from the territory (1946), Nouméa resembled a small French regional town, without any real Pacific identity, and was thus nicknamed “White Nouméa” (in French “Nouméa la Blanche”). There was no sign at that time of the extraordinary demographic shift that would be underway in New Caledonia, and more specifically in the city of Nouméa, throughout the second half of the twentieth century.This urban expansion was accompanied by ethnic redistribution in the city. After the institutional process of decolonisation that lasted for almost 20 years, the Kanak presence in the city (one inhabitant in four) became indisputable from a demographic point of view. Yet, the continuing urban marginalisation of Kanak people shows the limits of the framework that was extolled on signing the Nouméa Accord (1998) for living together and sharing a “common destiny”. The persistence of acute spatial, social and political inequalities raises the question of the place of the Indigenous people in Nouméa today.

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Vingt ans de politiques de rééquilibrage en Nouvelle-Calédonie : Démocratisation de l’école mais persistance des inégalités ethniques

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Autonomy and Natural Resources: the self-Determination process in New Caledonia as a Counter-Lesson for Western Sahara

Provinces et rééquilibrage des inégalités en Nouvelle-Calédonie - Quelle mesure de la pauvreté ?

Has “White Nouméa” Become More Kanak?

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