Vine Shoots as a Source of Trans-Resveratrol and ε-Viniferin: A Study of 23 Italian Varieties

Abstract

Stilbenes are a family of phenolic secondary metabolites that are known for their important roles in plant protection and human health. Numerous studies show that vine shoots, one of the most abundant winery wastes, could be used as a source of bioactive compounds such as stilbenes. The predominant stilbenoids in vine shoots are trans-resveratrol (Rsv) and ε-viniferin (Vf), whose content varies depending on numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The present work investigates the influence of pre-treatment and variety on stilbene concentration in vine shoots. Vine shoots of the Primitivo and Negroamaro varieties were submitted to four different trials before stilbene extraction (untreated, dried at 50° C for 24 h, dried at 70° C for 15 min, and dried at 80° C for 10 min). The results showed that the heat pre-treatments had a slight impact on the total phenol and stilbene content. In contrast, the variety variable had a stronger impact on stilbene concentration, ranging from 2700 to 6400 mg kg−1 DW for untreated vine shoots of 23 Italian varieties. In all vine shoots, the most abundant stilbene compound was Rsv and the highest content was found in vine shoots of the Nero di Troia (5298.1 mg kg−1 DW) and Negroamaro (5249.4 mg kg−1 DW) varieties.

Stilbenoids as Promising Natural Product-Based Solutions in a Race against Mycotoxigenic Fungi: A Comprehensive Review

“…47,50,51 A recent study has investigated the abundance of stilbenoids in vine shoots from 23 Italian varieties and described varying contents ranging between 2.7 and 6.4 g/kg. 52 The data gathered in Table 1 also indicate that the distribution of stilbenoids significantly differs between plant tissues. 53−56 A noteworthy discovery by Gabaston et al 57 was that the degree of oligomerization of stilbenoids progressively increased from upper to underground parts of grapevine plants (Figure 2).…”

“…For example, in Francethe world’s third largest producer of grapes approximately 1.8 million tons of grape canes and grapevine stocks are estimated to be wasted each year . Grape canes have been shown to contain high amounts of stilbenoids with total contents of 2.4 to 5.8 g/kg DW, though stilbenoid concentration is highly dependent on the subspecies, the cultivar, the environment, and the pruning time. ,, A recent study has investigated the abundance of stilbenoids in vine shoots from 23 Italian varieties and described varying contents ranging between 2.7 and 6.4 g/kg . The data gathered in Table also indicate that the distribution of stilbenoids significantly differs between plant tissues. − A noteworthy discovery by Gabaston et al was that the degree of oligomerization of stilbenoids progressively increased from upper to underground parts of grapevine plants (Figure ).…”

Beneficial Effects of ε-Viniferin on Obesity and Related Health Alterations

“…The worldwide grape cane remains, generally eliminated, are between 2 and 5 tons per hectare and year [ 21 ]. These grapevine canes have a very low economic value; in fact, they are burned or incorporated into the soil to promote the degradation of organic matter and reduce the need for organic fertilizers [ 22 ]. Consequently, obtaining ε-viniferin from these residues makes them valuable, and viticulture becomes more sustainable ( Figure 2 ) [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Valorization of Food Processing By-Products

“…Drying is applied to reduce water content and improve extraction of active substances, but the process could have a thermal impact on the molecules. In addition to conventional air drying of vine shoots [ 3 ], freeze-drying, heat drying, and non-thermal air-drying to reduce water content of the tomato pomace [ 4 ] were studied. Considering the potential food utilization of the lycopene extracts from tomato pomace, green deep eutectic solvent mixtures were used and compared with traditional ones (hexane).…”

“…Vine shoots from pruning have a low value, they are burned or cut into small pieces and put inside soil. An interesting study reported in this Special Issue describes the importance of the grape variety as a source of stilbene, such as trans-resveratrol and viniferin [ 3 ].…”