Villous Atrophy, Crypt Hyperplasia, Cellular Infiltration, and Impaired Glucose-NA Absorption in Enteric Cryptosporidiosis of Pigs

Argenzio, Robert A.; Liacos, J. A.; Levy, Mary; Meuten, Donald J.; Lecce, James G.; Powell, Don W.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(90)90325-u

Cited by 175 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

104

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…6, no Cryptosporidia were detected in any histological section but there was shortening and denudation of the villous tips along the small intestine (jejunum and ileum). These histological changes were consistent with the previous description of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in piglets (Moon and Bemrick 1981;Tzipori 1981;Moon et al 1982;Argenzio et al 1990;Vitovec and Koudela 1992). Two piglets (numbers 3 and 4) did not excrete the oocysts throughout the experiment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype I in conventionally reared piglets and lambs

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium are intracellular parasites that occur throughout the animal kingdom and have been reported in many species of mammals, including human. Most infections in humans are caused by two C. parvum genotypes, genotype I and genotype II; these are the human and the bovine (zoonotic) genotypes, respectively.Successful experimental infection of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype I ''human genotype'' is described in four conventionally reared piglets and in a lamb. The inoculum was originally obtained from two diarrheic children, and the Cryptosporidium genotypes were determined by PCR and rDNA sequencing. The infective dose was between 10 6 and 2·10 6 oocysts. No clinical signs were observed in the infected animals, except in a piglet that showed watery diarrhea. The oocyst shedding period in positive animals ranged between 4 and 10 days. Histopathologic examination of the gastrointestinal tract of two positive piglets revealed shortening of the villi and denudation of the villous tips of the jejunum. In one piglet, the colon mucosa revealed numerous Cryptosporidium oocysts. The storage time of the inocula ( £ 3 weeks in PBS at 4°C) and the age of the animal (newborn) were important for the successful induction of infection.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype I in conventionally reared piglets and lambs

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Together, these observations indicate that in giardiasis, loss of absorptive surface area coupled with defective glucose-stimulated electrolyte, fluid, and solute absorption, rather than hypersecretory processes such as those observed during cholera, are responsible for excessive loss of fluids in the stools. As mentioned above, a similar pathophysiological cascade has been reported in a number of other disorders, including cryptosporidiosis (Argenzio et al 1990), Crohn's disease (Dvorak 1988), bacterial enteritis (Buret et al 1990(Buret et al , 1998, celiac disease (Rubin et al 1966), and chronic intestinal anaphylaxis ). Recent studies have shed new light on the mechanisms whereby host immune factors may lead to these abnormalities in giardiasis.…”

Section: The Role Of Cd8 + Lymphocytes In Pathogenesissupporting

confidence: 58%

Immunopathology of giardiasis: the role of lymphocytes in intestinal epithelial injury and malfunction

2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From these results, it is conceivable that underfeeding immediately post-weaning and refeeding thereafter had more pronounced effects on the proximal than on the distal intestine. Of paramount importance is the fact that the marked villous atrophy found in the proximal intestine on d 3 post-weaning results in a severe reduction in the mean absorptive surface area, being evaluated to 33% of the initial value assuming the villous being a cylinder [1]. The proximal intestine is the major site for digestion and absorption [21,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small intestine growth and morphometry in piglets weaned at 7 days of age. Effects of level of energy intake

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Two trials involving a total of 56 pigs were conducted to examine the effects of weaning at 7 d of age (trial 1) and of energy intake level and length of post-weaning underfeeding period (trial 2) on small intestinal (SI) development and morphometry. At 3 d after weaning, weight of the SI and mucosa (g/kg body weight) and villous height along SI were reduced by 20, 36 and 41%, respectively, compared to the day of weaning. Intestinal morphometrical changes are dependent on SI site and days post-weaning. Villous atrophy on d 3 and recovery on d 14 post-weaning were greater and occurred earlier in the proximal than in the medial and distal SI. Villous height was dependent on the level of energy intake which explains 56% of the variations in proximal SI villous height in weaned pigs and 73% when data of the sow-reared pigs were included in the analysis. Moreover, after 4 d of refeeding, underfed piglets showed similar villous characteristics to piglets fed a continuously high feeding level after weaning stressing that capacities of intestinal restoration were not affected by the length of the post-weaning underfeeding period. Overall, the present results suggest a spatial and temporal effect of weaning on villous atrophy and recovery, and that the level of energy intake is a major factor accounting for the post-weaning villous height.weaning / level of food intake / small intestine / morphometry / piglet Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 42 (2002) [339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347][348][349][350][351][352][353][354] 339

show abstract

Villous Atrophy, Crypt Hyperplasia, Cellular Infiltration, and Impaired Glucose-NA Absorption in Enteric Cryptosporidiosis of Pigs

Cited by 175 publications

References 29 publications

Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype I in conventionally reared piglets and lambs

Infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum genotype I in conventionally reared piglets and lambs

Immunopathology of giardiasis: the role of lymphocytes in intestinal epithelial injury and malfunction

Small intestine growth and morphometry in piglets weaned at 7 days of age. Effects of level of energy intake

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About