Vigilância em Saúde no SUS - construção, efeitos e perspectivas

Abstract

This article analyses the process of construction of Health Surveillance in Brazil concerning the political, historical and organizational context of this component of the Unified Health System (UHS), by means of its historical view and presentation of the advances, limits, setbacks and perspectives. Throughout trajectory of Health Surveillance, its objects of study and intervention have been expanded, strengthening the integration among the different areas of surveillance, increasing its capacity for prediction and intervention. It evolved from surveillance of people, to surveillance of diseases and now to surveillance of health risks, promoting greater articulation of HS professionals with agents of endemics and Family Health Teams. The first National Health Surveillance Conference, in February 2018, provided opportunities for discussion and formulation of proposals aimed at strengthening HS, expanding its scope of actions with a view to achieving a comprehensive care model. Adequate and audacious alternatives are necessary so that there are no setbacks in the financing modalities in order to maintain and expand the advances achieved in the field of Health Surveillance in Brazil.

Situação epidemiológica e controle da esquistossomose em Pernambuco: estudo descritivo, 2010-2016*

“…A study of surveillance evolution in Brazil supports these conclusions when it affirms that communicable disease control in Brazil is well structured, has existed since before the National Epidemiological Surveillance System was organized in 1975, as well as being based on a vertical logic under the responsibility of the Campaign Superintendency. 15 This action model is therefore ingrained in the way schistosomiasis control is approached in Pernambuco.…”

“…However, a new survey was conducted in 2011 and new cases with characteristics of the chronic form of the disease were found. 14,15 In addition, areas vulnerable to the establishment of the transmission cycle, with presence of bodies of water and snails, have been reported in the Sertão macro-region since 2011. 13 This study was based on data from PCE Form 101, a standard SISPCE form intended to gather information about field activities carried out by health departments in endemic municipalities.…”

The correspondence between the structure of the terrestrial mobility network and the spreading of COVID-19 in Brazil

“…The information update is a complex and dynamic process and there may be delays or errors in the data transfer. Moreover, considering the size and heterogeneity of Brazil, it is important to highlight that there are differences in the capacity to detect cases opportunely and in the quality of the information 19 . On the other hand, in late January 2020, almost a month before the first Brazilian COVID-19, the epidemiological surveillance guidelines and the National Contingency Plan for COVID-19 were published.…”

Avaliação de desempenho da regionalização da vigilância em saúde em seis Regiões de Saúde brasileiras

“…A legislação brasileira vigente compreende a vigilância em saúde como um processo sistemático que envolve desde a coleta e análise até a disseminação de dados sobre eventos relacionados com a saúde, articulando saberes e práticas relativas às vigilâncias: epidemiológica, ambiental, do trabalhador e sanitária, com vistas à implementação de políticas públicas de promoção da saúde, proteção, prevenção e controle de riscos, agravos e doenças 8 . Esse conceito foi sendo ressignificado e o lançamento, em 2018, da Política Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde (PNVS) reflete o esforço e os debates, nem sempre consensuais, quanto à necessidade de reorganização da vigilância em saúde na perspectiva de um sistema de saúde universal, integral e equânime 9,10 .…”