“…of 20,000 population, a general trend is detectable for both potential and actual medium-sized enterprises. Similar results are demonstrated in analyses of economic domination both in European and Hungarian comparative studies (Molnár et al 2018;Kullmann 2009); the causes of the apparent contradiction, besides agglomeration advantages, can be attributed to economic structural specifics, the characteristics of the local environment, network integration and the so-called borrowed size.…”
Section: Result: Classification Of Hungarian Townssupporting
confidence: 71%
“…In the case of large rural cities, achieving critical mass in all major economic sectors is the main prerequisite to economic success (Lux 2013;Döbrönte 2018). Molnár et al (2018) estimate the rate of actual and potential medium-sized enterprises operating in the eight Hungarian large cities 4 to be 3.8% on average: with values attaining nearly 5% in the case of Győr, Kecskemét and Székesfehérvár. Unfortunately, values for Pécs remain significantly below the average.…”
Section: Materials and Research Methods: Analysis Of The Hungarian Situationmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Molnár et al (2018) categorize rural large cities in terms of their economic role and analyze the eight largest ones: Debrecen, Győr, Kecskemét, Nyíregyháza, Miskolc, Pécs, Szeged, Székesfehérvár. In Hungary, we can use the word 'rural large cities' for most populous cities (except the capital city).…”
The present study investigates the spatial distribution of the medium-sized enterprise sector inthe Hungarian urban network. This tier of the enterprise network has been relatively neglected in comparison with large foreign-owned firms, but deserves a look due to its promising role in the regional development and development policy. Our previous research on medium-sized enterprises becomes particularly relevant when we consider that the dominant development model of post-socialist industry, based on the attraction of Foreign Direct Investment, is showing limits under the new economic crisis; and that the further increase in regional competitiveness necessitates stronger support for the development of domestic enterprises in both developed and underdeveloped regions. However, the development dilemmas of mid-sized enterprises have not been sufficiently considered in the previous decades, even though their position between larger (mostly foreign-owned) companies and small, capital-poor enterprises gives them significant development potential. Their contribution to domestic capital accumulation, ability to formulate independent competitive strategies, and the role in shaping the local or regional business environment deserves scrutiny. According to our preliminary assumption, the status of medium-sized enterprises in the urban hierarchy is shaped first and foremost by the population number of cities, since the proximity of human resources and markets is a significant locational factor for medium-sized manufacturing firms. The study gives an overview of the evolution of the number of medium-sized enterprises and the average number of their employees in Hungarian cities since 2000, based on data published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS Databank and the Central Statistical Office. Structured interviews were conducted to detect the disparities at the level of urban regions, with a particular emphasis on Baranya County and the City of Pécs. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial traditions and entrepreneurial visions are evaluated as important locational advantages by domestically owned medium-sized enterprises.
“…of 20,000 population, a general trend is detectable for both potential and actual medium-sized enterprises. Similar results are demonstrated in analyses of economic domination both in European and Hungarian comparative studies (Molnár et al 2018;Kullmann 2009); the causes of the apparent contradiction, besides agglomeration advantages, can be attributed to economic structural specifics, the characteristics of the local environment, network integration and the so-called borrowed size.…”
Section: Result: Classification Of Hungarian Townssupporting
confidence: 71%
“…In the case of large rural cities, achieving critical mass in all major economic sectors is the main prerequisite to economic success (Lux 2013;Döbrönte 2018). Molnár et al (2018) estimate the rate of actual and potential medium-sized enterprises operating in the eight Hungarian large cities 4 to be 3.8% on average: with values attaining nearly 5% in the case of Győr, Kecskemét and Székesfehérvár. Unfortunately, values for Pécs remain significantly below the average.…”
Section: Materials and Research Methods: Analysis Of The Hungarian Situationmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Molnár et al (2018) categorize rural large cities in terms of their economic role and analyze the eight largest ones: Debrecen, Győr, Kecskemét, Nyíregyháza, Miskolc, Pécs, Szeged, Székesfehérvár. In Hungary, we can use the word 'rural large cities' for most populous cities (except the capital city).…”
The present study investigates the spatial distribution of the medium-sized enterprise sector inthe Hungarian urban network. This tier of the enterprise network has been relatively neglected in comparison with large foreign-owned firms, but deserves a look due to its promising role in the regional development and development policy. Our previous research on medium-sized enterprises becomes particularly relevant when we consider that the dominant development model of post-socialist industry, based on the attraction of Foreign Direct Investment, is showing limits under the new economic crisis; and that the further increase in regional competitiveness necessitates stronger support for the development of domestic enterprises in both developed and underdeveloped regions. However, the development dilemmas of mid-sized enterprises have not been sufficiently considered in the previous decades, even though their position between larger (mostly foreign-owned) companies and small, capital-poor enterprises gives them significant development potential. Their contribution to domestic capital accumulation, ability to formulate independent competitive strategies, and the role in shaping the local or regional business environment deserves scrutiny. According to our preliminary assumption, the status of medium-sized enterprises in the urban hierarchy is shaped first and foremost by the population number of cities, since the proximity of human resources and markets is a significant locational factor for medium-sized manufacturing firms. The study gives an overview of the evolution of the number of medium-sized enterprises and the average number of their employees in Hungarian cities since 2000, based on data published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences CERS Databank and the Central Statistical Office. Structured interviews were conducted to detect the disparities at the level of urban regions, with a particular emphasis on Baranya County and the City of Pécs. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial traditions and entrepreneurial visions are evaluated as important locational advantages by domestically owned medium-sized enterprises.
“…Concerning the policy context in which the cities in question have operated, similar to other CEE countries, EU cohesion policy and the prospects of funding have been important drivers of the 'Europeanization' of development policies in Hungary and triggered an adjustment to the requirement of strategic planning (Dąbrowski 2014). Accordingly, Integrated Urban Development Strategies (Integrált Városfejlesztési Stratégia, hereafter IVS) -operational urban development strategies for the medium • Centre of an old industrial region • Post-1990 the composition of manufacturing became diversified (automotive industry and electronics) and traditional industries significantly upgraded Source: Authors' compilation based on Rácz (2008), Faragó (2012), Lux (2014), Molnár et al (2018) and EDC (2019); https://ec.europa.eu/ term (7-8 years) -were introduced in 2007, and they were a prerequisite for obtaining funding from Regional Operative Programmes in the EU budgetary period 2007-2013. In 2012, the IVS was replaced by the ITS that became a condition of access to funding (from the Territorial Operative Programme) in the 2014-2020 EU programming period.…”
Section: Case Study Focus and National Urban Policy Contextmentioning
This paper intends to fill a gap in critical smart city scholarship regarding the Central Eastern European (CEE) context. To this end, smart city understandings and practices in Hungary's five (noncapital) major cities are examined through a discourse-analytical focus on relevant municipal planning documents, existing interventions and key actors' interpretations. The paper concludes that although smart city building in Hungary in many ways aligns with trends in the Global North and South, there are also notable differences that need to be contextualized in the country's historically shaped trajectory of urban (policy) development, especially its post-socialist institutional path-dependencies.
“…A teljesség kedvéért említenénk meg, hogy a lakosságszámra vetített gazdasági erőben -a mezőnyből tartósan kiemelkedő Győr és Székesfehérvár kivételével -csekély különbségek voltak a magyarországi nagyvárosok között. E mutató alapján ugyanakkor a legnagyobb közintézményrendszerrel rendelkező regionális központok -köztük Debrecen -vannak előnyben: ha csak a szűkebb vállalkozói szféra teljesítményeit vesszük számításba, akkor Magyarország második legnépesebb települése inkább Székesfehérvárral van versenyben a második legjelentősebb vidéki gazdaság pozíciójáért, ami nemcsak a kettős könyvvitelt vezető társas vállalkozások összesített teljesítménymutatóival támasztható alá (Molnár et al 2018), hanem a város Győrt és Székesfehérvárt követő helyi adóbevételeivel is.…”
Section: Debrecen Gazdasága a Rendszerváltás Utánunclassified
Az ipari parkok az elmúlt időszakban fontos szerepet töltöttek be a magyar gazdaság fejlesztésében, a helyi önkormányzatok is kiemelt figyelmet fordítottak alkalmazásukra. A tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa az ipari park címmel rendelkező objektumok sajátosságait és helyét Debrecen gazdasági életében. A vizsgálatok során felhasználtuk a város rendszerváltás után készített, gazdaságfejlesztéssel foglalkozó terveit és stratégiáit, saját adatgyűjtés keretében felmértük az ipari parkok jellegzetességeit és az ott működő cégeket.
A kutatás eredményei közül kiemeljük, hogy az 1990-es évek elejétől kezdve az ipari parkok a helyi gazdaságfejlesztési stratégiák fontos elemei, a helyi gazdaság zászlóshajóivá váltak, kínálatuk folyamatosan bővül. Az ipari parkok eredetük, tulajdonosaik és működési formáik alapján változatosságot mutatnak, gazdasági szerkezetükben a feldolgozóipar mellett a kereskedelem és a szállítás-raktározás szerepe is jelentős. Az ipari parkokban működő cégek a város gazdaságának fontos bázisát alkotják (ez különösen igaz a nagyobb vállalatokra).
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