Vibrotactile masking: Temporal integration, persistence, and strengths of representations

Evans, Paul M.

doi:10.3758/bf03207983

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Performance in identifying a letter based on its temporal position in the pair was analyzed, and the results were consistent with previous temporal masking studies Craig, 1976Craig, , 1978Craig, , 1980Craig, , 1982Craig, , 1983aCraig, , 1983bCraig & Evans, 1987;Evans, 1987). Specifically, on letter-different trials, there were 4 % to 7% more errors in identifying the first letter than the second at the two briefest SOAs, 52 and 100 msec, and 2 % to 9 % more errors in identifying the second letter than the first at longer SOAs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…At other times, a surface is explored to reach a decision about what is being felt, an identification task. These two measures of performance-discrimination and identification-have been examined in a number of studies using vibratory spatial patterns (discrimination -Craig, 1985a-Craig, , 1985bGeldard & Sherrick, 1965;Gilson, 1968;Gottheil, Cholewiak, & Sherrick, 1978: identification-Bliss, Crane, Link, & Townsend, 1966Bliss & Linvill, 1966;Craig, 1976Craig, , 1980Craig, , 1983aCraig, , 1983bCraig, , 1985aCraig, , 1985bCraig & Evans, 1987;Evans, 1987;Evans & Craig, 1986).…”

Section: A Comparison Of Discrimination and Identification Of Vibrotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparison of discrimination and identification of vibrotactile patterns

Horner

Craig

1989

Perception & Psychophysics

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Both discrimination and identification tasks have been used to assess subjects' abilities to perceive vibratory spatial patterns presented to the skin. The present study examined discrimination and identification performance under comparable conditions. In Experiment 1, subjects attempted to discriminate a pair of patterns on some blocks of trials and to identify both members of a pair on other blocks. For both tasks, the time between the members of the pair was varied. Discrimination performance could be predicted accurately from identification data. Analysis of performance on identification trials indicated that subjects used discriminability information to identify pairs. In Experiment 2, discrimination and identification were compared when the temporal separation between patterns was fixed and a masking stimulus followed each pattern after a variable delay. Results suggest that temporal masking, rather than the time available for processing pattern information, is the major limitation in both discrimination and identification of sequences of tactile patterns.The skin rarely processes a single pattern isolated temporally from other patterns. The hands and fingers explore the surface of an object by moving across successive surface areas. Thus, sequences of tactile, spatial patterns are produced. Sometimes, a tactile surface is explored to locate the place where the surface changes, which may be viewed as a discrimination task: Are successive patterns the same or different? At other times, a surface is explored to reach a decision about what is being felt, an identification task. These two measures of performance-discrimination and identification-have been examined in a number of studies using vibratory spatial patterns (discrimination-

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: A Comparison Of Discrimination and Identification Of Vibrotamentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of discrimination and identification of vibrotactile patterns

Horner

Craig

1989

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Maskers typically interfere with target disrupted by the presence of identical stimuli at separate identification more at brief SOAs than at long SOAs locations (Craig, 1989). To the extent that SS maskers at (Cholewiak&Craig, 1984;Craig, 1976Craig, , 1978Craig, , 1982Craig, , 1983, DLoc feel like DS maskers, they may interfere with tar-1985a; Craig & Evans, 1987;Evans, 1987;Evans & get identification in a manner similar to that of DS Craig, 1986;Homer, 1991;Homer & Craig, 1989). Thus, maskers.…”

Section: Experimentlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…asynchrony (SOA)-in order to examine the temporal The vibratory array measures 11.45 mm wide x 27.14 mm high characteristics of pattern processing (Cholewiak & and consists of 144 blunt pins arranged in 24 rows (1.18 mm sep- Craig, 1984;Craig, 1976Craig, , 1980Craig, , 1982Craig, , 1983Craig, , 1985a; Craig arating rows) and six columns (2.29 mm separating columns). & Evans, 1987;Evans, 1987;Evans & Craig, 1986; Each ofthe .25-mm-diameter pins vibrated at 230 Hz and at a comfortable intensity well above threshold, 33 V to the driver circuits, Horner, 1991;Horner & Craig, 1989). SOA was varied resulting in a maximum skin indentation of65 microns (Bliss et aI., in Experiment 1 to determine the extent to which the 10-1970;Bliss & Linvill, 1966).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The question was whether varying the shape and location ofthe masker would have independent effects on target identification. Evans (1987) presented targets and maskers sequentially to the same location and found that SS maskers interfered little with target identification, whereas DS maskers interfered greatly, due to temporal integration of target and masker features. Craig and Evans (1987) also examined the effects of presenting SS or DS maskers to the same location as the target.…”

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The effect of shape and location on temporal masking of spatial vibrotactile patterns

Horner

1997

Perception & Psychophysics

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Target patterns presented to uncued locations on a single fingerpad were followed by either sameshape (SS) maskers or different-shape (DS) maskers presented to either the same location (SLoc) or a different location (DLoc). DS maskers interfered with identification more when they were at SLoc than when they were at DLoc,but the reverse was true for SS maskers; they interfered more at DLoc than at SLoc. Whentargets were presented to cued locations, performance in the absence of maskers improved, but the pattern of interference from maskers resembled that for uncued presentation. The proportion of masker responses on incorrect trials revealed that both temporal masking and response competition may be involved in the effects of location on pattern identification.The present study examined whether the location of a pattern on the skin affects the ability to process information about its spatial features. Specifically, does location affect the ability to identify spatial patterns on a single fingerpad? The fingerpad was examined because of its high spatial resolution (Sathian & Zangaledze, 1996;Sherrick & Cholewiak, 1986;Stevens & Patterson, 1995;Van Boven & Johnson, 1994;Weinstein, 1968), because of its role in tactual exploration, and because it is used to process successive spatial patterns in tactile communication systems such as braille and the Optacon (Bliss, Katcher, Rogers, & Shepard, 1970). In studies using the Optacon vibratory array or similar dense arrays of vibrators, spatial patterns have usually been presented either to a single location or to locations on separate body sites. Some of the studies examining separate body sites have compared the pattern processing capabilities of the sites (Cholewiak & Craig, 1984;Craig, 1977;Loomis, 1980;Scadden, 1973). In other studies examining separate sites, patterns were presented to separate fingers and attentional factors were investigated (Craig, 1985a;Craig & Evans, 1995;Evans & Craig, 1991, 1992Evans, Craig, & Rinker, 1992;Horner, 1992Horner, , 1995Rinker & Craig, 1994). Relatively few studies have examined how spatial patterns are processed at adjacent locations on a single fingerpad.Hill (1974) indirectly measured the effects of presenting patterns to adjacent locations on the fingerpad when An earlier version of some of the material in Experiment I was presented at the annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society in November 1993. An earlier version of some of the material in Experiment 2 was presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Society in June 1995. This research was supported by the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, and by Grant DC-00095 from the Nationallnstitutes of Health. nT.H. wishes to thank James Craig for his comments on earlier versions of this manuscript and Roger Rhodes for his assistance in conducting these experiments. Correspondence should be addressed to D. T. Horner, Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, WI 54901-8601 (e-mail: homer@vaxa.cis.uwosh.edu).he examined Optacon reading rates using differ...

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Capacities and Limitations of Tactile Processing

Craig¹

1991

Information Processing in the Somatosensory System

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Vibrotactile masking: Temporal integration, persistence, and strengths of representations

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

A comparison of discrimination and identification of vibrotactile patterns

A comparison of discrimination and identification of vibrotactile patterns

The effect of shape and location on temporal masking of spatial vibrotactile patterns

Capacities and Limitations of Tactile Processing

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