Vibro-acoustic design, manufacturing and characterization of a tonpilz-type transducer

Kurt, Polat; Şansal, Murat; Tatar, İstek; Duran, Cihangir; Orhan, Sadettin

doi:10.1016/j.apacoust.2019.02.003

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In parallel to the EC model, a FEA was conducted using ANSYS ® (Mechanical APDL, ANSYS ® Academic Research, Release 19.1, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA). Since numerous previous studies have demonstrated that FEA provides a reasonable estimation of Tonpilz transducer performance in the frequency domain, e.g., electrical impedance and transmitting voltage response (TVR) [2,[7][8][9][10][11]15,16], FEA results were used as reference data to evaluate the accuracy of the EC models. In this study, we developed a new equivalent circuit (EC) model to reflect all the effects of the key design parameters of the transducer, such as suspension thickness (stiffness), tail mass thickness, and head mass thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Design of a Rear-Mounted Underwater Projector Using Equivalent Circuits

Kim

Roh

2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tonpilz is a popular transducer for underwater projector arrays for sonar systems. For low-frequency transmission, a larger axial dimension of the conventional Tonpilz transducer is required. However, a bulky and heavy Tonpilz element is not suitable due to limitations in terms of the space and payload of the array platform. To address this problem, we developed a rear-mounted Tonpilz transducer to generate a sub-fundamental resonance in addition to the common longitudinal resonance. For this purpose, we developed a new equivalent circuit model that can reflect all the effects of the key design parameters of the transducer, such as suspension thickness (stiffness), tail mass thickness, and head mass thickness. The impedance and transmitting voltage response were evaluated as performance factors at both resonance frequencies. The validity of the circuit was verified by comparing the analysis results with those from the finite element analysis of the same transducer. Based on the results, the transducer structure was designed to have comparable transmitting performance at both resonance frequencies by employing relatively high suspension stiffness, light tail mass, and heavy head mass. The novel design can permit the dual-band operation of the transducer so that the transducer can operate as a wideband projector.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Design of a Rear-Mounted Underwater Projector Using Equivalent Circuits

Kim

Roh

2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tonpilz acoustic projector designs typically use an axial bolt/nut, known as a tie-rod, to provide a static compressive pre-load to their constituent piezoceramic drive elements [1][2][3]. This compression prevents the elements from being driven into tension where they will likely fail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This compression prevents the elements from being driven into tension where they will likely fail. The resonant behaviour of Tonpilz designs is accommodated via a plate spring positioned mechanically in series with the piezoelectric drive elements [1]. The greater the pre-load, the greater the potential amplitude of operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Pre-Loading for a Tonpilz-Type Acoustic Projector

Ellul

Paxevanos

Jung

et al. 2021

Materials Research Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper describes a new magnet-based method for applying a compressive pre-load to the piezoceramic elements of a Tonpilz-type acoustic projector, with the advantage of lower damping due to mechanical friction and a greater range of unhampered resonant motion since no plate spring is required. The Tonpilz-type acoustic projector can be applied to structural health monitoring studies involving air coupled ultrasound. Acoustic model predictions and the measured behaviour of a relaxor ferroelectric single crystal (RFSC) based prototype device, operating in air, are presented and show good correlation. With a 5 V drive, at 9420 Hz resonance, the prototype device generates a sound pressure level of 113 dB measured at an axial distance of 5 mm. The maximum peak tip displacement of the device’s head mass is predicted to be 0.7 µm at resonance. This is well within the 2 µm displacement produced by the 90 N magnetic pre-load, thus protecting the RFSC ceramic element from damaging tensile stress.

show abstract

“…Sonar transducers are the primary device to generate signals inside the water for different purposes. Their applications range from object detection to communication [1][2][3]. Tonpilz is a term used for most of the underwater sonar transducers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the design includes try and error which could be a tedious process. Also, the nonlinear and distributed parameters of the transducer model make it difficult to devise a systematic design approach [1,5,7,8], or required significant amount of experiments [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of sonar transducers via evolutionary algorithms

Karami

Morsali

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tonpilz acoustic transducer is a device for detecting objects under the water and measuring their properties. The Tonpilz includes a stack of piezoelectric actuators polarized across their thickness. The range of pressure level on the working frequency band and the sound pressure level at the resonance frequency are two crucial factors determining the performance of the transducer. A large number of structural and material attributes makes the design process of Tonpilz difficult. This study aims to improve the performance of a Tonpilz by using the optimization to find the globally optimum design variable set. A multi-objective function is introduced based on transducer performance measures. Furthermore, the problem of mixed-integer programming is addressed. Based on the geometrical and operational limits, a series of constraints were introduced in the optimization problem. The results show that optimizing the design variables greatly enhances performance.

show abstract

Vibro-acoustic design, manufacturing and characterization of a tonpilz-type transducer

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Modeling and Design of a Rear-Mounted Underwater Projector Using Equivalent Circuits

Modeling and Design of a Rear-Mounted Underwater Projector Using Equivalent Circuits

Magnetic Pre-Loading for a Tonpilz-Type Acoustic Projector

Optimization of sonar transducers via evolutionary algorithms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About