Vibrio Infection in Tropical Fish in a Freshwater Aquarium

Abstract

A bstract:Vibrio anguilbarumn was identified as the causative agent of an epizootic in tropical freshwater fishes.It was pathogenic for selected species of other freshwater fishes, and was isolated from inoculated gravid guinea pigs, and their fetuses and dead young.Gross and microscopic lesions are described.

Innate immune gene expression in individual zebrafish after Listonella anguillarum inoculation

“…Probably the bacteria grow very quickly at 26 C compared with experimental infections in salmonids which are more usually performed at 15 C. Possibly death intervened before these lesions developed in our experimentally infected fish, considering that intraperitoneal injection of the organisms is not the portal of entry in a natural infection [20]. Using green fluorescence protein (GFP)-labelled L. anguillarum, O'Toole et al [11] were able to visualise colonization of zebrafish in real time.…”

A comprehensive review of Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum: ecology, pathology and prevention

“…; Larsen ). The bacterium is halophilic and thrives within NaCl concentrations between 1% and 2%, but it is understood that temperature serves as a more detrimental factor towards V. anguillarum growth than does salinity as V. anguillarum is known to remain viable when relocated to freshwater environments (Rucker ; Hacking & Budd ; Rødsæther et al . ; Larsen ; Laurencin & Germon ); however, V. anguillarum motility is enhanced with increased salinity (Kao et al .…”

“…Binary fission of the V. anguillarum cell is pH sensitive being most efficient at neutral pH 7, inhibited entirely over pH 9 and significantly disrupted at pH 6 or below (Gilmour et al 1976;Larsen 1984). The bacterium is halophilic and thrives within NaCl concentrations between 1% and 2%, but it is understood that temperature serves as a more detrimental factor towards V. anguillarum growth than does salinity as V. anguillarum is known to remain viable when relocated to freshwater environments (Rucker 1959;Hacking & Budd 1971;Rødsaether et al 1977;Larsen 1984;Laurencin & Germon 1987); however, V. anguillarum motility is enhanced with increased salinity (Kao et al 2009). Temperature and salinity levels are lethal to V. anguillarum when exceeding 41°C or 7%, respectively (Golten & Scheffers 1975), while V. anguillarum growth below 5°C is quite minimal (Larsen 1984) and exposure of the cell to temperatures exceeding 44°C will sterilize the culture in less than 3 min (Jacobsen & Liltved 1988).…”

Peracute vibriosis in juvenile turbot Scophthalmus maximus

“…Vibrio anguillurum is well recognised as a cause of acute and occasionally chronic, septicaemic disease in farmed and wild marine fish and, occasionally, freshwater species (Anderson & Conroy, 1970;Evelyn, 1971 ;Hacking & Budd, 1971 ;Levin, Wolke & Cabelli, 1972;McCarthy, 1976). Normally the clinical picture is one of bacterial septicaemia associated with anaemia and haemorrhagic necrosis, and the lesions are often found predominantly in the integument, where they are centred on the hypodermis but extend both deep into muscle and up through dermis and epidermis to cause extensive ulceration.…”