Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 bacteraemia associated with pneumonia, Italy 2016

Abstract

This paper describes an elderly male patient, living in the Veneto Region, Italy, who developed Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia and pneumonia. Some days previously, while on holiday in the Lagoon of Venice, he had been collecting clams in seawater, during which he suffered small abrasions of the skin. On admission to hospital, he was confused, had fever and a cough, but neither diarrhoea nor signs of gastroenteritis were found. Both blood and stool cultures grew V. cholerae of non-O1 non-O-139 type, and the patient recovered after prompt administration of intravenous ceftriaxone for 2 weeks. This clinical case emphasises the role of global warming and climate changes in causing increasing numbers of water-borne infections.

Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia in mainland China from 2005 to 2019: clinical, epidemiological and genetic characteristics

“…cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, endophthalmitis, and meningitis and other rare clinical conditions have been noted by others [34][35][36][37][38]. Our patient had an atypical clinical manifestation of NOVC bacteraemia, except for abnormal liver function tests which were shown by ultrasonography to be due to liver cirrhosis.…”

Virulence-associated genes and molecular characteristics of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae isolated from hepatitis B cirrhosis patients in China

“…Possible reasons could be pre-existing disruption of mucosal barrier, achlorhydria, simultaneous infection with an invasive pathogen, translocation of viable V. cholerae via M cells and hemolysin production (Jabeen et al, 2010). The predisposing factor was often raw or uncooked seafood consumption, exposure of wounds to seawater as well as drinking impure water (Marinello et al, 2017;Lukinmaa et al, 2006;Tamura et al, 2013). The patients in our study were clearly diagnosed with hepatitis B cirrhosis, which is consistent with the susceptibility factors of V. cholerae infection.…”

<p>Non-O1, Non-O139 <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> (NOVC) Bacteremia: Case Report and Literature Review, 2015–2019</p>

“…NOVC bacteria are usually nonpathogenic or asymptomatic colonizers in humans. 3 However, cases of NOVCassociated infections continue to be reported worldwide. 5 NOVC causes gastroenteritis 6 and is related to extraintestinal infections, including skin and wound infections, otitis, bacteremia, biliary tract and urinary tract infections, pneumonia, peritonitis and meningitis.…”

“…Our review included 23 cases of NOVC bacteremia described in 18 reports from 2015-2019 (Table 2). [1][2][3][4][5]7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] The male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1, and the median age was 56 years. The youngest patient developed this disease at only 3 days of age, and the oldest patient was 83 years old.…”

“…2 NOVC bacteremia has the highest mortality rates among NOVC infections and usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and those with underlying liver disease. 3 However, the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of NOVC bacteremia are unclear. Currently, no definitive guidelines exist for treating NOVC bacteremia.…”