Vibrationally excited ozone in the middle atmosphere

Kaufmann, Martín; Gil-López, S.; López‐Puertas, M.; Funke, B.; García‐Comas, M.; Glatthor, N.; Grabowski, U.; Höpfner, Michael; Stiller, G. P.; Clarmann, T. von; Koukouli, Maria-Elissavet; Hoffmann, Lars; Riese, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2005.10.006

Cited by 30 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This approach, however, relies on a perfect Non-LTE model. Since high-resolution spectra as provided by MIPAS in its original observation mode include a lot of information on Non-LTE processes themselves, uncertain Non-LTE model parameters like NO 2 excitation rates, O 3 nascent distributions, or CO 2 collisional constants can also be retrieved directly from the measurements using the RCP processing, as shown by Funke et al (2005a), Kaufmann et al (2006), andLópez-Puertas et al (2005c). With no Non-LTE model available, the only possible approach except the use of climatological vibrational temperature data is the direct retrieval of vibrational temperatures from the spectra.…”

Section: Scientific Codes For Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19). Possible reasons for this discrepancy are that O 3 is formed at lower vibrational levels, and/or the collisional relaxation of the stretching (ν 1 , ν 3 ) is weaker (Kaufmann et al, 2006). MIPAS has also taken remarkable spectra of H 2 O in the mesosphere, unequivocally demonstrating the distinct Non-LTE daytime emissions from the fundamental and hot bands at 6.3 µm.…”

Section: Observation Of Non-lte Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Fischer¹,

Birk

Blom³

et al. 2008

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. MIPAS, the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, is a mid-infrared emission spectrometer which is part of the core payload of ENVISAT. It is a limb sounder, i.e. it scans across the horizon detecting atmospheric spectral radiances which are inverted to vertical temperature, trace species and cloud distributions. These data can be used for scientific investigations in various research fields including dynamics and chemistry in the altitude region between upper troposphere and lower thermosphere.The instrument is a well calibrated and characterized Fourier transform spectrometer which is able to detect many trace constituents simultaneously. The different concepts of retrieval methods are described including multi-target and two-dimensional retrievals. Operationally generated data sets consist of temperature, H 2 O, O 3 , CH 4 , N 2 O, HNO 3 , and NO 2 profiles. Measurement errors are investigated in detail and random and systematic errors are specified. The results are validated by independent instrumentation which has been operated at ground stations or aboard balloon gondolas and aircraft. Intercomparisons of MIPAS measurements with other satellite data have been carried out, too. As a result, itCorrespondence to: H. Fischer (herbert.fischer@imk.fzk.de) has been proven that the MIPAS data are of good quality.MIPAS can be operated in different measurement modes in order to optimize the scientific output. Due to the wealth of information in the MIPAS spectra, many scientific results have already been published. They include intercomparisons of temperature distributions with ECMWF data, the derivation of the whole NO y family, the study of atmospheric processes during the Antarctic vortex split in September 2002, the determination of properties of Polar Stratospheric Clouds, the downward transport of NO x in the middle atmosphere, the stratosphere-troposphere exchange, the influence of solar variability on the middle atmosphere, and the observation of Non-LTE effects in the mesosphere.

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Section: Scientific Codes For Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Observation Of Non-lte Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research

Fischer¹,

Birk

Blom³

et al. 2008

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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687

625

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“…The CO 2 and N 2 vibrational populations are modeled using the Curtis matrix method including the collisional processes reported by López-Puertas and Taylor (2001) with updates for CO 2 . For O 3 , the steady state equation is solved using a revised collisional scheme and nascent distribution (Kaufmann et al, 2006).…”

Section: Consideration Of Non-lte Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon monoxide distributions from the upper troposphere to the mesosphere inferred from 4.7 μm non-local thermal equilibrium emissions measured by MIPAS on Envisat

et al. 2009

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Abstract. We present global distributions of carbon monoxide (CO) from the upper troposphere to the mesosphere observed by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on Envisat. Vertically resolved volume mixing ratio profiles have been retrieved from 4.7 µm limb emission spectra under consideration of nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium. The precision of individual CO profiles is typically 5-30 ppbv (15-40% for altitudes greater than 40 km and lower than 15 km and 30-90% within 15-40 km). Estimated systematic errors are in the order of 8-15%. Below 60 km, the vertical resolution is 4-7 km. The data set which covers 54 days from September 2003 to March 2004 has been derived with an improved retrieval version including (i) the retrieval of log(vmr), (ii) the consideration of illumination-dependent vibrational population gradients along the instrument's line of sight, and (iii) observations provide a detailed picture of long-range transport of polluted air masses and uplift events. MIPAS observations taken on 9-11 September 2003 confirm the trapping of convective outflow of polluted CO-rich air from Southeast Asia into the Asian monsoon anticyclone, which has been described in previous studies. Upper tropospheric CO plumes, observed by MIPAS on this day, were predominantly located in the Northern Hemisphere. Most of these plumes could be related to Southeast Asian pollution by means of backward trajectory calculations. During 20-22 October, southern hemispheric biomass burning was the most likely source of the major CO plumes observed over the Southern Atlantic and Indian Ocean.

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“…The fluxes of singlet oxygen molecules j ∆ and oxygen atoms j O from the core of the gas flow to the surface are described by the following expressions: (21) and (22) can be rewritten as follows:…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction set that is used here to model the singlet oxygen kinetics is presented in Table 1. It is wellknown [22][23][24][25] that O 3 (υ) forms in process 2. Although the rate constant for quenching of O 2 (a 1 ∆) by vibrationally cold O 3 is small (4×10 -15 cm 3 s -1 ), Kurylo et al [26] found that the rate constant for quenching by O 3 that has one quantum of vibrational energy is faster by a factor of 38±20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%