“…As discussed in Hiemstra and van Riemsdijk (2006), the double layer structure that emerges can be explained by the alignment of water molecules near the surface in several layers, in which the electrolyte ions can only change stepwise their position. This picture agrees with experimental information obtained by different valuable approaches like force measurements (Pashley and Israelachvili, 1984;Israelachvili and Wennerstrom, 1996), X-ray reflectivity (Toney et al, 1995;Fenter and Sturchio, 2004;Catalano et al, 2006) and Sum Frequency Spectroscopy (Yeganeh et al, 1999;Kataoka et al, 2004;Ostroverkhov et al, 2005;Shen and Ostroverkhov, 2006). These measurements show increase in the ordering of water within a distance of about 0.7-0.9 nm, which is equivalent to about 2-3 layers of water molecules .…”