Vibration Measurement of the Human Tympanic Membrane-In Vivo

Oj, Løkberg; Høgmoen, Kåre; Gundersen, Terje

doi:10.3109/00016488009127106

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Considering anatomy and physiology of the outer ear canal and the middle ear, 2 kHz is known as their dominant resonance frequency. Lokberg et al (22) have calculated the resonance frequency of the eardrum to be around 2 kHz, and Stasche et al (23) found the highest umbo displacement of the tympanic FIG. 7.…”

Section: Frequency-dependent Hearing Loss In Tmpmentioning

confidence: 98%

Functional Correlations of Tympanic Membrane Perforation Size

Lerut

Pfammatter²,

Moons³

et al. 2012

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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We propose using standardized photographs or drawings to document preoperative perforation sizes. A linear relationship between the size of a perforation and the conductive hearing loss does exist. Umbo involvement at the perforation margin may worsen the hearing by 5 to 6 dB, whereas the position of the perforation itself does not play a role. The least impact of a perforation is seen at the resonance frequency of 2 kHz. An "inverted V-shape" pattern, above and below 2 kHz, of the air-bone gap is a consistent finding. If the air-bone gap exceeds this pattern, additional pathology behind the eardrum perforation must be assumed and addressed.

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Section: Frequency-dependent Hearing Loss In Tmpmentioning

confidence: 98%

Functional Correlations of Tympanic Membrane Perforation Size

Lerut

Pfammatter²,

Moons³

et al. 2012

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Khanna and Tonndorf 1972; Tonndorf and Khanna 1972, Løkberg et al, 1979, Rosowski et al 2009). At low frequencies (<2 kHz), a simple motion pattern is usually seen on the surface of the TM of cats and humans: The entire TM moves with one-to-three displacement maxima at different locations and with the largest motion magnitude in the posterior half of the TM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motion of the surface of the human tympanic membrane measured with stroboscopic holography

et al. 2010

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Sound-induced motion of the surface of the human tympanic membrane (TM) was studied by stroboscopic holographic interferometery, which measures the amplitude and phase of the displacement at each of about 40000 points on the surface of the TM. Measurements were made with tonal stimuli of 0.5, 1, 4 and 8 kHz. The magnitude and phase of the sinusoidal displacement of the TM at each driven frequency were derived from the fundamental Fourier component of the raw displacement data computed from stroboscopic holograms of the TM recorded at eight stimulus phases. The correlation between the Fourier estimates and measured motion data was generally above 0.9 over the entire TM surface. We used three data presentations: (i) Plots of the phasic displacements along a single chord across the surface of the TM, (ii) Phasic surface maps of the displacement of the entire TM surface, and (iii) Plots of the Fourier derived amplitude and phase-angle of the surface displacement along four diameter lines that define and bisect each of the four quadrants of the TM. These displays led to some common conclusions: At 0.5 and 1 kHz, the entire TM moved roughly in-phase with some small phase delay apparent between local areas of maximal displacement in the posterior half of the TM. At 4 and 8 kHz, the motion of the TM became more complicated with multiple local displacement maxima arranged in rings around the manubrium. The displacements at most of these maxima were roughly in-phase, while some moved out-of-phase. Superposed on this in- and out-of-phase behavior were significant cyclic variations in phase with location of less than 0.2 cycles or occasionally rapid half-cycle step-like changes in phase. The high frequency displacement amplitude and phase maps discovered in this study can not be explained by any single wave motion, but are consistent with a combination of low and higher order modal motions plus some small traveling-wave-like components. The observations of the dynamics of TM surface motion from this study will help us better understand the sound-receiving function of the TM and how it couples sound to the ossicular chain and inner ear.

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“…Békésy (1960) used capacitive probes, and Gilad et al (1967) applied the Mossbauer method to measure motions of the ear structures. Optical methods using imaging such as holography (Tonndorf and Khanna, 1968;Gundersen and Hogmoen, 1976;Bally, 1978), video stroboscopy (Helms, 1974;Gyo et al, 1987), and electronic speckle pattern interferometry (Lokberg et al, 1980) have also been used to measure dynamic motions as well as static motions of the middle-ear structures. Merchant et al (1996) used Abbreviations: LDV, Laser Doppler Vibrometer; SLDV, Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer; MPE, maximum possible error; ER, error ratio; EC, ear canal; GP, guinea pig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%