Vibration energy harvesters with non-linear compliance

Burrow, Steve G; Clare, Lindsay; Carrella, A.; Barton, David A. W.

doi:10.1117/12.776881

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Burrow et al [47,48] reported another nonlinear generator. It consisted of a linear spring with the nonlinearity caused by the addition of magnetic reluctance forces.…”

Section: Nonlinear Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for increasing the operating frequency range of vibration energy harvesters: a review

Zhu

Tudor

Beeby

2009

Meas. Sci. Technol.

572

352

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This review presents possible strategies to increase the operational frequency range of vibration-based micro-generators. Most vibration-based micro-generators are spring-mass-damper systems which generate maximum power when the resonant frequency of the generator matches the frequency of the ambient vibration. Any difference between these two frequencies can result in a significant decrease in generated power. This is a fundamental limitation of resonant vibration generators which restricts their capability in real applications. Possible solutions include the periodic tuning of the resonant frequency of the generator so that it matches the frequency of the ambient vibration at all times or widening the bandwidth of the generator. Periodic tuning can be achieved using mechanical or electrical methods. Bandwidth widening can be achieved using a generator array, a mechanical stopper, nonlinear (e.g. magnetic) springs or bi-stable structures. Tuning methods can be classified into intermittent tuning (power is consumed periodically to tune the device) and continuous tuning (the tuning mechanism is continuously powered). This review presents a comprehensive review of the principles and operating strategies for increasing the operating frequency range of vibration-based micro-generators presented in the literature to date. The advantages and disadvantages of each strategy are evaluated and conclusions are drawn regarding the relevant merits of each approach.

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“…Burrow et al [47,48] reported another nonlinear generator. It consisted of a linear spring with the nonlinearity caused by the addition of magnetic reluctance forces.…”

Section: Nonlinear Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for increasing the operating frequency range of vibration energy harvesters: a review

Zhu

Tudor

Beeby

2009

Meas. Sci. Technol.

572

352

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“…Burrow et al [11] indicated that cubic nonlinearity caused by the hardening stiffness effect in the vibration energy harvesters can be beneficial for the enhancement of operation bandwidth. Mann and Sims [12] designed a monostable nonlinear electromagnetic power generation device and observed the coexisting solutions in responses.…”

Section: Shock and Vibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Studies on Nonlinear Dynamics and Performance of a Bistable Piezoelectric Cantilever Generator

Guo

Cao

Wang

2015

Shock and Vibration

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A piezo-magneto-elastically coupled distributed-parameter model of a bistable piezoelectric cantilever generator is developed by using the generalized Hamilton principle. The influence of the spacing between two adjacent magnets on the static bifurcation characteristics of the system is studied and the range of magnet spacing corresponding to the bistable states is obtained. Numerical and experimental studies are carried out to analyze the bifurcation, response characteristics, and their impact on the electrical output performance under varying external excitations. Results indicate that interwell limit cycle motion of the beam around the two centers corresponds to optimum power output; interwell chaotic motion and multiperiodic motion including intrawell oscillations are less effective. At a given frequency, the phenomena of symmetric-breaking and amplitude-phase modulation are observed with increase of base excitation. Both period-doubling bifurcation and intermittency routes to chaotic motion in the bistable system are found. It can be observed that the power output is not proportional to the excitation level because of the bifurcation behaviours.

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“…[6][7][8] Recently, researchers have accounted for and incorporated nonlinear effects in the design of energy harvesting devices. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Since closed form solutions are not possible, analysis of the nonlinear partial differential equations governing the large amplitude vibrations of beams is typically conducted by assuming a set of admissible spatial functions with corresponding temporal generalized coordinates. This reduces the problem to a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations in the temporal coordinates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear modeling, strength-based design, and testing of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters under large dynamic loads for rotorcraft applications

Leadenham

Ertürk

2014

SPIE Proceedings

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There has been growing interest in enabling wireless health and usage monitoring for rotorcraft applications, such as helicopter rotor systems. Large dynamic loads and acceleration fluctuations available in these environments make the implementation of vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesters a very promising choice. However, such extreme loads transmitted to the harvester can also be detrimental to piezoelectric laminates and overall system reliability. Particularly flexible resonant cantilever configurations tuned to match the dominant excitation frequency can be subject to very large deformations and failure of brittle piezoelectric laminates due to excessive bending stresses at the root of the harvester. Design of resonant piezoelectric energy harvesters for use in these environments require nonlinear electroelastic dynamic modeling and strength-based analysis to maximize the power output while ensuring that the harvester is still functional. This paper presents a mathematical framework to design and analyze the dynamics of nonlinear flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters under large base acceleration levels. A strength-based limit is imposed to design the piezoelectric energy harvester with a proof mass while accounting for material, geometric, and dissipative nonlinearities, with a focus on two demonstrative case studies having the same linear fundamental resonance frequency but different overhang length and proof mass values. Experiments are conducted at different excitation levels for validation of the nonlinear design approach proposed in this work. The case studies in this work reveal that harvesters exhibiting similar behavior and power generation performance at low excitation levels (e.g. less than 0.1g) can have totally different strength-imposed performance limitations under high excitations (e.g. above 1g). Nonlinear modeling and strength-based design is necessary for such excitation levels especially when using resonant cantilevers with no geometric constraint.

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Vibration energy harvesters with non-linear compliance

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

Strategies for increasing the operating frequency range of vibration energy harvesters: a review

Strategies for increasing the operating frequency range of vibration energy harvesters: a review

Numerical and Experimental Studies on Nonlinear Dynamics and Performance of a Bistable Piezoelectric Cantilever Generator

Nonlinear modeling, strength-based design, and testing of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters under large dynamic loads for rotorcraft applications

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