Viability and economic analysis of wind energy resource for power generation in Johannesburg, South Africa

Ayodele, T.R.; Jimoh, A.A.; Munda, Josiah L.; Agee, John T.

doi:10.1080/14786451.2012.762777

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To estimate the frequency of occurrence of wind speeds, the PDF was estimated using various methods . The Weibull PDF can represent different wind regimes, and it was calculated using:

f_{w} (v) = \frac{k}{c} {()(, \frac{v}{c})}^{k - 1} \exp (- {()(, \frac{v}{c})}^{k})

where v is wind speed, k is the shape parameter, and c is the scale parameter. More peaked distributions have larger shape parameters, and the scale parameter is proportional to the mean wind speed v m :

c = \frac{v_{m}}{Γ (1 + \frac{1}{k})}

where Γ(.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second computed the shape and scale parameters with the approach of Ayodele et al; the scale parameter was computed with Equation (), and for 1 ≤ k ≤ 10, the shape parameter was approximated from the mean and standard deviation:

k = {()(, \frac{σ}{v_{m}})}^{- 1.086}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two other PDFs were used to model the wind speed. The Rayleigh distribution is a special case of the Weibull distribution [Equation ()] with k = 2:

f_{r} (v) = \frac{π}{2} (\frac{v}{v_{m}^{2}}) \exp [- \frac{π}{4} {()(, \frac{v}{v_{m}})}^{2}]

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These PDFs can be used to compute the most probable wind speed and the ideal wind speed, or, respectively, the wind speed that occurs the most and the wind speed that produces the most wind energy. For example, the Weibull distribution yields a most probable wind speed v p of

v_{p} = c {()(, \frac{k - 1}{k})}^{\frac{1}{k}}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probability density functions such as the lognormal, Rayleigh, logistic, and Weibull distributions are fit to measured or simulated data to describe the magnitude and variability of the wind speeds. For example, a study of Johannesburg, South Africa, showed that, of these four distributions, the Weibull distribution fit best in all seasons; it also identified the optimal wind turbine and concluded that the site is suitable only for small wind turbines in a standalone application . For Saudi Arabia, Rehman et al used 20 years of data to determine the parameters of the Weibull distribution—a scale parameter, which is proportional to the mean wind speed, and a shape parameter, which is related to the variance—for ten main regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wind energy assessment for NEOM city, Saudi Arabia

Alfawzan

Alleman

Rehmann

2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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This paper provides an analytical assessment of the feasibility of wind energy for Saudi Arabia's envisioned NEOM city, which plans to use only renewable energy. A probability density function was fit to winds simulated for the NEOM region during 2014‐2018. Using this distribution, the optimal wind turbine was selected as the one with the largest capacity factor and smallest levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Financial, environmental, and risk analysis of a wind farm consisting of 100 of these units was also performed. A Weibull distribution determined by changing the shape and scale parameters to minimize the mean squared error offered the best fit to the measured wind speeds at this location. The estimated power density showed that the NEOM site warrants a Class 3 classification, which means wind energy systems would be suitable for commercial operation. A 3.2‐MW wind turbine, which is optimal for this location, has a capacity factor varying from 31.9% to 41.4% and LCOE that ranges from 6.99¢ to 8.32¢ per kWh. The 320‐MW wind farm has a positive net present value, a simple payback period of 13.8 years, and a LCOE of 6.6¢ per kWh. By installing this farm, potential annual savings of CO2 are around 106 metric tons.

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“…To estimate the frequency of occurrence of wind speeds, the PDF was estimated using various methods . The Weibull PDF can represent different wind regimes, and it was calculated using: