Vessels With Cingulin Are Leakproof

Givens, Chris; Tzima, Ellie

doi:10.1161/atvbaha.116.307238

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although we have given the detailed distribution of surface stresses imposed on the apical endothelial surface-the glycocalyx (equations (2.7a), (2.7b)), we have treated the glycocalyx as a solid layer, not considering in detail how the glycocalyx transmits force to the cell through its transmembrane syndecan components and membrane-anchored glypican components [63]. We have not considered the distribution of forces on mechanosensors in the plasma membrane [42], but rather have lumped the plasma membrane into the surface cortical layer. These assumptions were made to allow us to more easily focus on the basal and intercellular forces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our emphasis is on the FA plaques at the basal aspect of the cell where prominent integrin signalling is localized [1,10,12,21 -26], and the adherens junction (ADJ) between cells where additional important signals originate [1,12,20,33 -36]. We do not focus on the apical cell membrane where many additional mechanosensors are located [42]. A three-dimensional, viscoelastic, multi-component, multi-scale model of the EC monolayer will be developed to quantify the force transmission from cell surface to subcellular elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanotransmission in endothelial cells subjected to oscillatory and multi-directional shear flow

Dabagh

Jalali

Butler

et al. 2017

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Local haemodynamics are linked to the non-uniform distribution of atherosclerosic lesions in arteries. Low and oscillatory (reversing in the axial flow direction) wall shear stress (WSS) induce inflammatory responses in endothelial cells (ECs) mediating disease localization. The objective of this study is to investigate computationally how the flow direction (reflected in WSS variation on the EC surface over time) influences the forces experienced by structural components of ECs that are believed to play important roles in mechanotransduction. A three-dimensional, multi-scale, multi-component, viscoelastic model of focally adhered ECs is developed, in which oscillatory WSS (reversing or non-reversing) parallel to the principal flow direction, or multi-directional oscillatory WSS with reversing axial and transverse components are applied over the EC surface. The computational model includes the glycocalyx layer, actin cortical layer, nucleus, cytoskeleton, focal adhesions (FAs), stress fibres and adherens junctions (ADJs). We show the distinct effects of atherogenic flow profiles (reversing unidirectional flow and reversing multi-directional flow) on subcellular structures relative to non-atherogenic flow (non-reversing flow). Reversing flow lowers stresses and strains due to viscoelastic effects, and multi-directional flow alters stress on the ADJs perpendicular to the axial flow direction. The simulations predict forces on integrins, ADJ filaments and other substructures in the range that activate mechanotransduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%