“…Vesicle−nanoparticle hybrids can be created using several strategies . For example, nanoparticles can be precipitated in-place within vesicles − or they can be synthesized and then associated with vesicles, either by electrostatic adsorption − or encapsulation , of hydrophilic nanoparticles or by insertion of hydrophobic nanoparticles into the nonpolar interior of the lipid bilayer. ,− Precipitation within the vesicles limits the nanoparticle chemistry to a relatively narrow range of materials because the synthesis must be carried out near room temperature in aqueous media. − ,, The reliance on hydrophilic nanoparticles is also limiting, as a much wider range of nanoparticle materials with the highest quality properties are obtained with hydrophobic capping ligands from synthetic reactions carried out in organic high boiling point solvents. , Therefore, the ability to load hydrophobic nanoparticles into the lipid bilayer of vesicles provides a quite general route to vesicle−nanoparticle hybrids, making available a wide range of nanoparticle chemistry, including the prospect of loading different combinations of nanoparticles within each vesicle.…”