Vertical velocity distributions through and above submerged, flexible vegetation

Kubrak, Elżbieta; Kubrak, Janusz; Rowiński, Paweł M.

doi:10.1623/hysj.53.4.905

Cited by 104 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…a large variation in the height and density of vegetation) affects the water velocity distributions in the cross section and hence also the roughness coefficient distributions. Tyminski (2012) and Kubrak et al (2008) have observed similar effects in laboratory conditions and Knight (2013) Strong correlation between the type of vegetation in the bypass channel and the flow speed was noticed. The revealed relationship was detected in a relatively narrow profile -20 metres upstream and 20 metres downstream of the hydrometric measurement profile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Analysis of in situ water velocity distributions in the lowland river floodplain covered by grassland and reed marsh habitats - a case study of the bypass channel of Warta River (Western Poland)

Laks

Szoszkiewicz

Kałuża

2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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The analysis of in situ measurements of velocity distribution in the floodplain of the lowland river has been carried out. The survey area was located on a bypass channel of the Warta River (West of Poland) which is filled with water only in case of flood waves. The floodplain is covered by grassland and reed marsh habitats. The velocity measurements were performed with an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) in a cross-section with a bed reinforced with concrete slabs. The measured velocities have reflected the differentiated impact of various vegetation types on the loss of water flow energy. The statistical analyses have proven a relationship between the local velocities and the type of plant communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Analysis of in situ water velocity distributions in the lowland river floodplain covered by grassland and reed marsh habitats - a case study of the bypass channel of Warta River (Western Poland)

Laks

Szoszkiewicz

Kałuża

2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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“…However, it must be pointed out that these results were achieved using a simulation under laboratory conditions. Natural conditions would be affected by the degree and direction of the slope of the land and by hydrological factors such as rainfall and surface soil moisture (Ishikawa et al 2000;Stone & Shen 2002;Nepf et al 2007;Kubrak et al 2008). The results obtained by the experiments, when applied to more complex natural conditions, may affect the applicability of the results under natural conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation study of anisotropic flow resistance of farmland vegetation

Zhang¹,

Yin²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Soil & Water Res.

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Farmland vegetation is commonly cultivated with uniform planting spacing and heights. The effect of these features on resistance to hydraulic erosion is unclear. Hydraulic model experiments with the angle between the crop rows and the water flow direction set at 15°, 30°, 45° or 90° were conducted to analyze variation in the law of water flow resistance under partial or complete submergence of the crop. Cultivation can impact the flow resistance on slopes and this effect was greater when the crop was partially submerged. When planting spacing, slope, and water depth were constant, the change of the water flow Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient f with crop row-water flow angle was f 15° > f 30° > f 45° > f 90°. This suggests that flow resistance of farmland vegetation is anisotropic. The water flow resistance coefficient of crops that were partly submerged increased with water depth, but decreased with water depth when the crop was completely submerged. At the critical change from partial submergence to complete submergence, the water flow resistance coefficient was the highest when water depth was equal to crop height. These results may be useful for optimizing farmland planting and soil and water conservation.

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“…Figure 8 shows the different possible configurations for each of the three length scales: s, k and D. To determine experimentally l 0 , the flow rate by integrating the calculated vertical velocity profile (steps 3c, 3d and 3e) is compared to the measured flow rate with an optimization method (simplex algorithm from Matlab). For all experiments from literature (Kouwen and Unny, 1969;Meijer and Velzen, 1999;Lopez and Garcia, 2001;Righetti and Armanini, 2002;Poggi et al, 2004;Jarvela, 2005;Ghisalberti and Nepf, 2006;Murphy and Nepf, 2007;Kubrak et al, 2008;Nezu and Sanjou, 2008;Huai et al, 2009;Yang and Choi, 2009;Florens et al, 2013) (2008) are reused, together with those obtained specifically for the present study. As indicated by Konings et al (2012), the experiments carried out with leafy vegetation behaved in a particular way because of viscosity terms.…”

Section: Submerged Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the experiments performed in this study, the averaged error is 15.8%. Poggi et al (2004), Meijer and Velzen (1999), Ghisalberti and Nepf (2006), Murphy and Nepf (2007), Nezu and Sanjou (2008), Yang and Choi (2009), Kubrak et al (2008), Jarvela (2005, Kouwen and Unny (1969), Florens et al (2013), Huai et al (2009), Righetti andArmanini (2002).…”

Section: Submerged Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of emergent and submerged rock-ramp fish passes

Cassan

Laurens

2016

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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-An analytical model is developed to calculate the stage-discharge relationship for emergent and submerged rock-ramp fish passes. A previous model has been modified and simplified to be adapted to a larger range of block arrangement. For submerged flows, a two-layer model developed for aquatic canopies is used. A turbulent length scale is proposed to close the turbulence model thanks to a large quantity of data for fully rough flows from the literature and experiments. This length scale depends only on the characteristic lengths of arrangements of obstacles. Then the coefficients of the logarithmic law above the canopy can also be deduced from the model. As a consequence, the total discharge through the fish pass is computed by integrating the vertical velocity profiles. A good fit is found between the model and commonly observed values for fish pass or a vegetated canopy. The discharge of the fish pass is then accurately estimated for a large range of hydraulic conditions, which could be useful for estimating fish passability through the structure.

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Vertical velocity distributions through and above submerged, flexible vegetation

Cited by 104 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of in situ water velocity distributions in the lowland river floodplain covered by grassland and reed marsh habitats - a case study of the bypass channel of Warta River (Western Poland)

Analysis of in situ water velocity distributions in the lowland river floodplain covered by grassland and reed marsh habitats - a case study of the bypass channel of Warta River (Western Poland)

Simulation study of anisotropic flow resistance of farmland vegetation

Design of emergent and submerged rock-ramp fish passes

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