Vertical coarse aerosol fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer over the North Polar Waters of the Atlantic

Petelski, Tomasz; Piskozub, Jacek

doi:10.1029/2005jc003295

Cited by 42 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ceburnis et al, 2008), and over the open ocean (e.g. Petelski, 2003;Petelski and Piskozub, 2006). Most of these studies investigated aerosol concentration differences at heights up to 20 or 30 m above the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-surface profiles of aerosol number concentration and temperature over the Arctic Ocean

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Temperature and particle number concentration profiles were measured at small height intervals above open and frozen leads and snow surfaces in the central Arctic. The device used was a gradient pole designed to investigate potential particle sources over the central Arctic Ocean. The collected data were fitted according to basic logarithmic flux-profile relationships to calculate the sensible heat flux and particle deposition velocity. Independent measurements by the eddy covariance technique were conducted at the same location. General agreement was observed between the two methods when logarithmic profiles could be fitted to the gradient pole data. In general, snow surfaces behaved as weak particle sinks with a maximum deposition velocity v d = 1.3 mm s −1 measured with the gradient pole. The lead surface behaved as a weak particle source before freeze-up with an upward flux F c = 5.7 × 10 4 particles m −2 s −1 , and as a relatively strong heat source after freeze-up, with an upward maximum sensible heat flux H = 13.1 W m −2 . Over the frozen lead, however, we were unable to resolve any significant aerosol profiles.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-surface profiles of aerosol number concentration and temperature over the Arctic Ocean

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recent studies show source functions agreeing to within approximately one order of magnitude for particles with radii smaller than around 1 µm (de Leeuw et al, 2011), although the equilibrium method is strictly only applicable to particles larger than about 3 µm (Petelski and Piskozub, 2006;Andreas et al, 2010). A more direct method to measure the sea-spray source function is through the eddy covariance technique, whereby turbulent fluctuations in the vertical component of the wind are correlated with fluctuations in the aerosol spectrum to produce a net vertical transport of aerosol particles (Nilsson et al, 2001;Geever et al, 2005;de Leeuw et al, 2007;Norris et al, 2008Norris et al, , 2012.…”

Section: A J Sproson Et Al: the Effect Of Hygroscopicity On Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other methods used to calculate the surface source function, albeit less frequently, include the gradient method (Petelski and Piskozub, 2006); inverse modelling (Vignati et al, 2001; and concentration increase with fetch (Reid et al, 2001).…”

Section: A J Sproson Et Al: the Effect Of Hygroscopicity On Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hygroscopicity on eddy covariance estimates of sea-spray aerosol fluxes: a comparison of high-rate and bulk correction methods

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The eddy covariance technique is the most direct of the methods that have been used to measure the flux of sea-spray aerosol between the ocean and atmosphere, but has been applied in only a handful of studies. However, unless the aerosol is dried before the eddy covariance measurements are made, the hygroscopic nature of sea-spray may combine with a relative humidity flux to result in a bias in the calculated aerosol flux. "Bulk" methods have been presented to account for this bias, however, they rely on assumptions of the shape of the aerosol spectra which may not be valid for near-surface measurements of sea-spray. <br><br> Here we describe a method of correcting aerosol spectra for relative humidity induced size variations at the high frequency (10 Hz) measurement timescale, where counting statistics are poor and the spectral shape cannot be well represented by a simple power law. Such a correction allows the effects of hygroscopicity and relative humidity flux on the aerosol flux to be explicitly evaluated and compared to the bulk corrections, both in their original form and once reformulated to better represent the measured mean aerosol spectra. In general, the bulk corrections – particularly when reformulated for the measured mean aerosol spectra – perform relatively well, producing flux corrections of the right sign and approximate magnitude. However, there are times when the bulk methods either significantly over- or underestimate the required flux correction. We conclude that, where possible, relative humidity corrections should be made at the measurement frequency

show abstract

“…It has been introduced to the marine aerosol research field by Smith et al (1991). Its use in the gradient method of flux measurements by Petelski and Piskozub (2006) has been recently criticised by de Leeuw et al (2011) on the ground that it does not include processes such as impaction, molecular diffusion, or growth of particles due to increased relative humidity (RH) near the sea surface, yielding dry deposition velocities that are considerably greater than those from most other formulations for particles with radii smaller than several micrometers.…”

Section: Dry Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer Across the Air-Sea Interface

Garbe

Rutgersson

Boutin

et al. 2013

Springer Earth System Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficiency of transfer of gases and particles across the air-sea interface is controlled by several physical, biological and chemical processes in the atmosphere and water which are described here (including waves, large-and small-scale turbulence, bubbles, sea spray, rain and surface films). For a deeper understanding of relevant transport mechanisms, several models have been developed, ranging from conceptual models to numerical models. Most frequently the transfer is described by various functional dependencies of the wind speed, but more detailed descriptions need additional information. The study of gas transfer mechanisms uses a variety of experimental methods ranging from laboratory studies to carbon budgets, mass balance methods, micrometeorological techniques and thermographic techniques. Different methods resolve the transfer at different scales of time and space; this is important to take into account when comparing different results. Air-sea transfer is relevant in a wide range of applications, for example, local and regional fluxes, global models, remote sensing and computations of global inventories. The sensitivity of global models to the description of transfer velocity is limited; it is however likely that the formulations are more important when the resolution increases and other processes in models are improved. For global flux estimates using inventories or remote sensing products the accuracy of the transfer formulation as well as the accuracy of the wind field is crucial. IntroductionThe transfer of gases and particles across the air-sea interface depends not only on the concentration difference between the water and the air, but also on the efficiency of the transfer process. The efficiency of the transfer is controlled by complex interaction of a variety of processes in the air and in the water near the interface. Here we treat both gases and particles since the transfer, to some extent, is governed by similar mechanisms. Studies of transfer across the air-sea interface include a variety of methods and techniques ranging from laboratory studies, modeling and large-scale field studies. Various methods reach somewhat different conclusions, due to representation of different

show abstract

Vertical coarse aerosol fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer over the North Polar Waters of the Atlantic

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Near-surface profiles of aerosol number concentration and temperature over the Arctic Ocean

Near-surface profiles of aerosol number concentration and temperature over the Arctic Ocean

The effect of hygroscopicity on eddy covariance estimates of sea-spray aerosol fluxes: a comparison of high-rate and bulk correction methods

Transfer Across the Air-Sea Interface

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About