Vertical cliffs harbor millennia‐old junipers in the <scp>Canary Islands</scp>

Sangüesa‐Barreda, Gabriel; García‐Cervigón, Ana I.; García‐Hidalgo, Miguel; Rozas, Vicente; Esquivel, José Luis Martín; Martín-Carbajal, Javier; Martinez, R.; Olano, José Miguel

doi:10.1002/ecy.3633

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This native conifer is capable of growing at high elevations above the pine woodland treeline, and it may have been more abundant at high elevations prior to human arrival (Nogales et al, 2014). Today, a population of very old trees persists sheltered in the most inaccessible cliffs and is contributing seeds to areas formerly suffering from goat herbivory (Sangüesa-Barreda et al, 2022). Species are ranked by their current uppermost elevational distribution.…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adenocarpus viscosus ). In the past, Canarian cedar ( Juniperus cedrus ), a native conifer capable of growing at high elevations above the pine forest, appears to have been more abundant as evidenced by the current survival of several 1000‐year‐old specimens on cliffs (Sangüesa‐Barreda et al, 2022). Climate warming on Tenerife is occurring rapidly, with an average temperature increase of 0.14 ± 0.07°C/decade between 1944 and 2010 in the summit region, twice as fast as the rest of the island (Martín et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vegetation change on Mt. Teide, the Atlantic's highest volcano, inferred by incorporating the data underlying Humboldt'sTableau Physique des Iles Canaries

Renner

Otto

Esquivel

et al. 2022

Journal of Biogeography

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Historical data on the past occurrences of animals and plants are a valuable resource in detecting, and interpreting, spatial and temporal change. Here we use so-far unexploited over 200-year-old data on plant occurrences on Mt. Teide, Tenerife, to study vegetation change on the Atlantic's highest volcano. Large areas of Tenerife have been degraded through human impacts, mainly timber extraction, herbivory by goats and agriculture (de Nascimento et al., 2009; Fernández-Palacios & Whittaker, 2008). Pollen cores taken from a former lake

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Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation change on Mt. Teide, the Atlantic's highest volcano, inferred by incorporating the data underlying Humboldt'sTableau Physique des Iles Canaries

Renner

Otto

Esquivel

et al. 2022

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Additionally, ERC trees populate the sides of highways and hills surrounding LDSNP and could be dispersing into the preserve from these areas. ERC's affinity for xeric environments where competition with other plants is low and shade is minimal has allowed this population to rapidly colonize the prairie at LDSNP following its introduction (Lawton and Cothran 2000; Sangüesa-Barreda et al 2021; Ward 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is commonly used as a windbreak surrounding agricultural fields and can aggressively colonize neighboring grasslands, rapidly transforming them into closed-canopy ERC forests (Briggs et al 2002; Donovan et al 2018). Although ERC’s historical niche is limestone soils and cliffsides, it can survive in many environments and thrives in xeric environments where competition with other plants is reduced (Lawton and Cothran 2000; Sangüesa-Barreda et al 2021; Ward 2020). In addition, ERC is an animal-dispersed species, and seeds can be dispersed away from the mother tree, allowing further movement into new areas (Holthuijzen and Sharik 1985; Horncastle et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal changes in genetic diversity reveal small-scale invasion dynamics of the eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana) in the Lakeside Daisy State Nature Preserve in Ohio

Hartman,

Rocha

2023

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L. var. virginiana; hereafter ERC) is a native species currently invading open areas and grasslands outside of its original range in the United States. We studied ERC’s invasion patterns in the Lakeside Daisy State Nature Preserve (LDSNP), a short grass prairie located on the Marblehead Peninsula in Ohio, examining the changes in the genetic diversity and structure of the encroaching population. We investigated the relative importance of long-distance dispersal versus diffusion in the invasion of this short grass prairie by ERC. We use eight microsatellite marker loci to infer gene flow from external sources versus within-population recruitment. We found that the older trees in this preserve were less than 50 yr old, indicating that the population was established between 1970 and 1980. When we grouped trees into five age categories of 10-yr increments, we found that the allelic diversity, as indicated by the average number of alleles per locus, increased as the age of the trees decreased. We also found that not all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, probably due to the arrival of new variants in the preserve. Moreover, heterozygosity remained high, with an excess of heterozygotes in all age groups (F = −0.163 ± 0.046). Principal coordinate analysis showed two distinct groups of trees in the LDSNP. Analysis of the cryptic population structure of the ERC trees using STRUCTURE revealed four ancestral clusters in the ERC population. All ancestral clusters are present in all age groups, suggesting that all trees sampled are derived from an admixed population. Furthermore, the high observed heterozygosity and lack of inbreeding in this dioecious species maintained all ancestral clusters over time. Overall, our findings indicate that ERC encroachment of the LDSNP results from multiple and reiterated gene flow events from the edge of the range through animal-mediated seed dispersal.

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