Vertical and Horizontal Transmission of<i>Salmonella</i>Within Integrated Broiler Production System

Liljebjelke, Karen; Hofacre, Charles L.; Liu, Tongrui; White, David G.; Ayers, Sherry; Young, Suzanne D.; Maurer, John J.

doi:10.1089/fpd.2005.2.90

Cited by 159 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Several studies have frequently implicated poultry feeds as an important source of Salmonella species [22]. Other researchers demonstrated a rate of 1.4% of Salmonella species from poultry feeds [23] and Liljebjelke recorded 3.6% [19] which is not in agreement with the findings in this study. However, the work of Maqsood in Pakistan demonstrated 65.8% [24] and in Zaria, Nigeria researchers recorded 63.8% rate of Salmonella contamination of poultry feeds [4] which corroborates the findings recorded in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…This poses a serious threat both to the poultry birds themselves and most importantly to the consumer population. Several studies from different parts of the world have revealed varying recovery rates of the contamination of poultry samples by Salmonella species: a prevalence rate of 70.5% was reported in Brazil [13], 63.6% in Ethiopia [14], 53% in Vietnam [15], 35% in Spain [16], 26.6% in Bangladesh [17], 17% in USA [18], 10.1% in Georgia [19], 5% by [20] and 1% in Jamaica [21]. Such varying prevalence rates could be attributed to the differences in the geographical location as well as the standards of hygiene and sanitation practices observed by these regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Segments in the Dissemination and Transmission of Salmonella Species from Poultry Production in Calabar, Nigeria

Yhiler¹,

Bassey²

2015

SJPH

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Salmonella species are ubiquitous enteric bacteria, its ability to survive at different stages of the poultry production and food processing chain has been frequently reported in recent years. The present study was undertaken to investigate the points in the segments involved in the production of poultry in Calabar as vital sources of dissemination and transmission of Salmonella species to humans. A total of 374 samples were collected from three study segments involved in the production of poultry in Calabar, within the period of August 2013 and May 2014. 170 samples were collected from different points in poultry environment which includes (feed from feeders, water from drinkers, litter/faeces from floor, abattoir reins and drag swab from wall); 136 samples were taken from the live birds (cloacal swab, gut, carcass and egg); and 68 samples were derived from poultry handlers (stool specimens and hand wash). The samples were collected aseptically and analysed for the presence of Salmonella species based on the ISO 6579:2002 involving standard bacteriological, biochemical and serologic techniques. The Chi-square, student t-test and simple descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data obtained in this study at 95% confidence level. Salmonella species were recovered from 221 (59.1%) of the examined samples involved in the production of poultry in Calabar. There was no significant statistical difference in the rate of recovery of Salmonella species from the poultry environmental segment (58.8%), bird segment (55.1%) and poultry handlers segment (67.6%) (P = 0.230), implying that these three segments are equally important in the maintenance, dissemination and transmission of Salmonella species. Salmonella species were recovered from all the study sample points implying that all the study poultry sample points are sources of Salmonella species. However, the highest recovery rate of Salmonella species was observed in the stool sample points of poultry handlers (91.2%) and poultry gut sample points (79.4%) which were significantly different from the rest of the poultry sample points (P = 0.021), implying that these two sample points are the major sources of Salmonella species and are critical in the dissemination and transmission of Salmonella species.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Segments in the Dissemination and Transmission of Salmonella Species from Poultry Production in Calabar, Nigeria

Yhiler¹,

Bassey²

2015

SJPH

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“…Early observations showed broiler carcasses to be nearly 11 times (Odds ratio 10.62) more likely to yield Salmonella in the hot season, compared to winter season (Ellerbroek et al, 2010). These differences in isolation might be because Salmonella is more prevalent in the hotter season (Fossler et al, 2005;Liljebjelke et al, 2005). Similarly in a study from Nepal, the prevalence of Salmonella was found to be high during the months of April and May (Maharjan et al, 2006), which compares with our results of higher Salmonella prevalence during the month of April-June.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Salmonella enteritidis in Poultry and Backyard Chicken from Tiruchirappalli, India

Bhuvaneswa¹,

Shanmughap²,

Natarajase³

2015

Microbiology J.

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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of multidrug resistant Salmonella enteritidis from poultry chicken in comparison with the backyard country chicken along with their seasonal variation in Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India. A total of 325 rectal swab samples of chicken were included for this study. Among them 157 and 168 were from poultry and backyard chicken, respectively. Samples were randomly collected during each season like monsoon, post monsoon, Winter and Summer from July 2010 to June 2011. The total rate of isolation of Salmonella was found to be 26.8% (n = 87). Among them 32.5% (n = 51) were from poultry and 21.4% (n = 36) were from backyard chicken. Highest isolation rate was obtained during summer and the lowest, during winter. All the isolates were found to be highly resistant to β-lactam and macrolide antibiotics (52.9-100%) and highly sensitive to co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin (41.2-76.5%). More number of multi drug resistant Salmonella isolates was recovered from the poultry chicken from Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu. The probability for this may be the frequent exposure of the poultry chickens for various antibiotics in the chicken farms during their cultivation. β-lactam and macrolide antibiotics may be used in these farms routinely for curbing the bacterial infection among the chickens and this was evidenced in comparison with the backyard chicken samples.

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“…Contaminated food and water, for instance, are important sources of salmonellosis in chickens (4,5). The vertical transmission of these bacteria can also be an important issue in poultry (6,7). Different prevalence rate of these bacteria are reported between countries, nearly 0 in Sweden, 68.2% in Hungary (8), 76.9% in Canada (9); 69.8% in France (10); 41.3% in Turkey (11) and 25% in Denmark (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonellosis and Related Risk Factors in Broiler Flocks in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran

Seifi¹,

Khoshbakht²,

Raeisi³

2016

Int J Enteric Pathog

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Background: Prevention of foodborne pathogens is essential to control infectious diseases; Salmonella spp. is referred to as the most common causative agent of foodborne illnesses. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica in broiler flocks in Mazandaran province, north of Iran and find the potential risk factors including: age, size of flock, strain, season, vaccination program and use of antibiotics. Materials and Methods: From March 2012 to December 2013, a total of 50 flocks were selected in slaughterhouse and 20 cloacal samples were collected from each flock. Every five samples were pooled and investigated for Salmonella spp. using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Thirteen flocks out of 50 (26%) were positive for Salmonella species. Chances of Salmonella spp. detection was higher in flocks with lower age (P = 0.41). Increasing flock population was associated with increased chance of Salmonella spp. isolation (P = 0.21). The risk of salmonellosis in broiler flocks was increased when no antibiotics were given to day-old chicks. There was no significant difference (P = 0.30) in the prevalence of salmonellosis among different broiler strains. Conclusions: In the current study, six risk factors were assessed for Salmonella spp. contamination in broiler flocks. Some of these factors contributed to the risk of salmonellosis in broiler flocks.

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Vertical and Horizontal Transmission ofSalmonellaWithin Integrated Broiler Production System

Cited by 159 publications

References 40 publications

Critical Segments in the Dissemination and Transmission of Salmonella Species from Poultry Production in Calabar, Nigeria

Critical Segments in the Dissemination and Transmission of Salmonella Species from Poultry Production in Calabar, Nigeria

Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Salmonella enteritidis in Poultry and Backyard Chicken from Tiruchirappalli, India

Salmonellosis and Related Risk Factors in Broiler Flocks in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran

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