Vertebrate dispersal syndromes along the Atlantic forest: broad‐scale patterns and macroecological correlates

Almeida‐Neto, Mário; Campassi, Flávia; Galetti, Mauro; Jordano, Pedro; Oliveira‐Filho, Ary Teixeira de

doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2008.00386.x

Cited by 155 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…On the other hand, due to the positive correlation between zoochory and rainfall and soil humidity, we hypothesize that humidity is the key factor affecting the proportion of zoochoric species. Similar Gentry 1982;Howe & Smallwood 1982;Tabarelli et al 2003;Almeida-Neto et al 2008). In this sense, the windward side of the mountain has a higher proportion of animal dispersed species, probably due to the greater water availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The low occurrence of anemochory in tropical forests is explained by the wetter environment, which would prevent the dispersal of diaspores by wind (Negrelle 2002;Almeida-Neto et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the differentiated structure of vegetation results in stratification of food resources and microclimate, the animal community is also stratified, so that each stratum of vegetation has its characteristic pollinators (Smith 1973;Almeida-Neto et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in plant-animal interactions along an elevational gradient of moist forest in a semiarid area of Brazil

et al. 2016

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Pollination and dispersal are critical ecological processes that directly affect the reproductive success of plants and are important for understanding the structure of plant communities. We compiled data on pollination and dispersal syndromes of 406 plant species distributed among different elevations in Área de Proteção Ambiental da Serra de Baturité (APASB) in northeastern Brazil. We aim to determine how the dispersal and pollination of the flora in the mountainous rainforest of APASB are affected by climate, relief and growth form. We hypothesized that plant community is comprised of different ecological groups based on biotic and abiotic syndromes. Melittophily was the most common (57%) pollination syndrome followed by non-specialized and ornithophily (7%). We found that 64% of species exhibited zoochory, 19% exhibited anemochory and 17% exhibited autochory. Pollination syndromes differed significantly only between types of growth form. Dispersal syndromes differed between topology, growth form and elevation. Six ecological groups were formed based on the interaction between dispersal-pollination and growth form, with predominantly zoochory in woody and anemochory in non-woody plants. Water availability may be the principal factor responsible for variation among dispersal syndromes. The proportion of ruderal species in the non-woody component explains the differences in syndromes between growth forms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in plant-animal interactions along an elevational gradient of moist forest in a semiarid area of Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…Spermatophytes usually have passive dispersal and depend on seed dispersal agents (e.g. Tabarelli & Peres, 2002;Almeida-Neto et al, 2008). Among terrestrial vertebrates, birds are the most vagile, followed by mammals, amphibians being the less mobile ones (Böhning-Gaese et al, 1998;Qian, 2009b;Dobrovolski et al, 2011;Qian & Ricklefs, 2012).…”

Section: Palavras-chavementioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic groups with lower movement capacity may present higher beta diversity

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et al. 2017

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Diversity analysis by partition is an approach employed in order to understand how communities spatially structure themselves and the factors that operate in the generation and maintenance of distribution patterns. We examined the spatial structure of species diversity of four taxonomic groups, with diff erent dispersal abilities, in 16 forest fragments in the southern region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Specifi cally, we tested: i) if the similarity in species composition would be negatively related to geographical distance between the 16 fragments; and ii) if the beta diversity of the diff erent groups could be negatively related to their dispersal abilities. Alpha diversity and the compositional similarity between localities were both low. Beta diversity was not correlated with distance for any of the groups. Primates, followed by birds, showed a higher tendency of forming similarity groupings, although in a manner that was independent from distance between fragments, as well as showed the lowest beta diversity relative values. Spermatophytes and amphibians did not defi ne groupings and presented the highest values of beta diversity. We interpreted such results as indications that the groups with higher dispersal ability (primates and birds) tend to reach, on average, farther localities and, therefore, to defi ne more similar groupings (low beta diversity). The groups with lower dispersal ability (spermatophytes and amphibians) showed the opposite tendency. Although most of the species were restricted to few localities, contributing to the low similarity, beta and gamma diversity values showed the extent which the localities are, respectively, diff erent and complementary to each other in terms of species composition. Such features reinforce and justify future conservation initiatives, both in local and regional levels.KEYWORDS. Complementarity, dispersal ability, vertebrates, spermatophytes, Atlantic Forest.RESUMO. Grupos taxonômicos com menor capacidade de dispersão podem apresentar maior diversidade beta. A análise da diversidade por partição é uma abordagem empregada para tentar compreender como as comunidades se estruturam espacialmente e os fatores que operam na geração e manutenção dos padrões de distribuição das espécies. Nós examinamos a estrutura espacial da diversidade de espécies referente a quatro grupos taxonômicos com diferentes capacidades de dispersão, em 16 fragmentos fl orestais localizados no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Especifi camente, testamos: i) se a similaridade na composição de espécies estaria relacionada negativamente com a distância geográfi ca entre os fragmentos e ii) se a diversidade beta apresentada por cada grupo poderia ser negativamente relacionada com as respectivas capacidades de dispersão. Tanto a diversidade alfa quanto a similaridade composicional entre as localidades foram baixas. A diversidade beta não esteve correlacionada com a distância para nenhum dos grupos. Os primatas, seguidos das aves, apresentaram maior tendência em formar agr...

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“…Many Neotropical mammals play a key role in plant communities by their interaction with the seeds of numerous plant species (Lazure and Almeida-Cortez, 2006;Almeida-Neto et al, 2008), and these interactions can significantly affect the forest community dynamics and structure. Animal-mediated seed dispersal can reduce intra-specific competition, assist in colonisation of disturbed area, increase gene flow, and reduce density-dependent predation (Howe and Smallwood, 1982;Willson, 1992;Beck, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of native and introduced seeds consumed by captive white-lipped and collared peccaries (Tayassu pecari, Link 1795 and Pecari tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) in the Atlantic rainforest, Brazil

et al. 2010

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We studied the role of white-lipped and collared peccaries (Tayassu pecari and Pecari tajacu) as seed predators and dispersers in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil. The Atlantic rainforest ecosystem is highly threatened and has experienced dramatic declines in its populations of large mammals. Local extinctions can disrupt essential plant-animal interactions such as seed dispersion and seed predation. We tracked seeds from time of consumption to germination to assess the direct impact peccaries have on seed survival. We offered fruits of 20 species found in the Atlantic rainforest to the peccaries. Seeds were categorised as intact, scarified, ingested or defecated, and germination tests were performed. The overall impact by both peccary species was similar. Seeds were sometime scarified by mastication, always with fatal consequences. Most seeds that were consumed were destroyed during ingestion and digestion. Only small seeds (<10 mm) were found in the feces and germination tests suggest a positive effect from the passage through the guts. Peccaries clearly have a double role as both seed predators and as small seeds dispersers, which is a specialised role within the granivore/frugivore community of the Atlantic rainforest.Keywords: seed dispersal, seed predation, peccaries, Tayassuidae, Atlantic rainforest. Destino das sementes consumidas por queixadas e catetos (Tayassu pecari e Pecari tajacu) na Mata Atlântica, BrasilResumo O papel dos porcos-do-mato, cateto (Pecari tajacu) e queixada (Tayassu pecari), como predadores e dispersores de sementes foram estudados no contexto da Mata Atlântica. Neste ecossistema extremamente ameaçado, as populações de grande mamíferos vêm diminuindo drasticamente. A extinção local de algumas dessas espécies pode modificar as interações plantas-animais como a dispersão e a predação de sementes. Sementes de 20 espécies de plantas lenhosas da Mata Atlântica foram acompanhadas desde a ingestão até a germinação para avaliar o impacto direto que queixadas e catetos têm sobre a sobrevivência destas sementes. As sementes foram categorizadas em: ignoradas, escarificadas (danos mecânicos), engolidas ou defecadas. Também foram realizados testes de germinação. O impacto das duas espécies de foi similar. Às vezes, as sementes foram escarificadas por mastigação, com consequências letais. A maioria das sementes consumidas foi destruída durante a ingestão e digestão. Somente sementes pequenas (<10 mm) foram defecadas. Os testes de germinação sugerem um impacto positivo nas sementes que passaram pelo trato digestivo. Os porcos desempenham claramente um papel duplo: predadores de sementes e dispersores de sementes pequenas, um papel especializado dentro da communidade de frugívoros/granívoros na Mata Atlântica.Palavras-chave: dispersão de sementes, predação de sementes, porcos-do-mato, Tayassuidae, Mata Atlântica.

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Vertebrate dispersal syndromes along the Atlantic forest: broad‐scale patterns and macroecological correlates

Cited by 155 publications

References 52 publications

Variation in plant-animal interactions along an elevational gradient of moist forest in a semiarid area of Brazil

Variation in plant-animal interactions along an elevational gradient of moist forest in a semiarid area of Brazil

Taxonomic groups with lower movement capacity may present higher beta diversity

Fate of native and introduced seeds consumed by captive white-lipped and collared peccaries (Tayassu pecari, Link 1795 and Pecari tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) in the Atlantic rainforest, Brazil

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