Versuche über die sensorische Funktion des Kleinhirnmittelstücks (Vermis)

Impact on electroencephalography of Adolf Beck, a prominent Polish scientist and founder of the Lviv School of Physiology

“…The investigations of Beck, together with Gustav Bikeles (1861-1918, a colleague scientist in neuroscience and physiology, drew attention to the University of Lemberg as a centre for expertise in electrophysiology and general physiology. Both scientists performed research on the topography of the cortex, the conduction of pain sensation and the physiology of reflexes (Beck and Bikeles, 1911). Moreover, Beck was of great influence in educating students by creating the famous School of Physiology at the University of Lemberg, which delivered various prominent physiologists.…”

Gustaw Bikeles (1861–1918)

“…Together, they conducted electrophysiological experiments involving the stimulation of different parts of the nervous system with electrical or thermal stimuli and recording bioelectrical potentials (later known as evoked potentials) in the central nervous system. They used that method to study, among other issues, the interrelationships between the cerebral and the cerebellar cortex (demonstrating the influence of one cerebral hemisphere on the whole cerebellum) [ 4 ], the sensory functions of the cerebellum (showing bioelectrical potentials on the whole cerebellum after the stimulation of nerves regardless of their location) [ 5 ], the excitability of the cerebellar cortex [ 6 ] and various types of reflexes (showing that some reflexes are present after the damage of the cerebral cortex and/or cutting of the spinal cord and disproving the theory of the German neurologist Hermann Munk that the organization of afferent nerves entering the spinal cord is different for each limb joint) [ 7 ].…”

Adolf Beck (1863-1942) - A Pioneer of Electroencephalography

“…Subsequently, Beck in cooperation with Gustaw Bikeles ) set out to analyze the influence of the excision of the motor cortex and transection of the spinal cord on the reflexes in the more caudal parts of the spinal cord [11] . Between 1911 and 1912, again in cooperation with Bikeles, he located the sensitive representation of the upper and lower limb in the cerebellum cortex [12] .…”