Versatile acid base sustainable solvent for fast extraction of various molecular weight chitin from lobster shell

Hong, Shu; Yang, Yuan; Yang, Qiuru; Ping, Zhu; Lian, Hailan

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.059

Cited by 102 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Interestingly enough, ILs can solubilise polysaccharides into a hydrogel-like amorphous substance without decreasing the DP, therefore increasing the amount of enzyme binding sites presented and overall conversion rate up to 90-fold as shown for cellulose [130]. Zhu et al could extract chitin directly from lobster shells catalysed by NADES consisting of mixtures of choline chloride (vitamin B 4 ) and mild carboxylic acids like malonic and lactic acid in different ratios, obtaining a 20% yield [131,132]. Two subgroups with different degrees of crystallinity of the resulting chitin could be distinguished, both of which projected a porous structure.…”

Section: Physical Pretreatment Methods and Cos Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Modification of Native Chitin and Conversion to Specialty Chemical Products

Arnold

Brück²,

Garbe

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

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Chitin is one of the most abundant biomolecules on earth, occurring in crustacean shells and cell walls of fungi. While the polysaccharide is threatening to pollute coastal ecosystems in the form of accumulating shell-waste, it has the potential to be converted into highly profitable derivatives with applications in medicine, biotechnology, and wastewater treatment, among others. Traditionally this is still mostly done by the employment of aggressive chemicals, yielding low quality while producing toxic by-products. In the last decades, the enzymatic conversion of chitin has been on the rise, albeit still not on the same level of cost-effectiveness compared to the traditional methods due to its multi-step character. Another severe drawback of the biotechnological approach is the highly ordered structure of chitin, which renders it nigh impossible for most glycosidic hydrolases to act upon. So far, only the Auxiliary Activity 10 family (AA10), including lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), is known to hydrolyse native recalcitrant chitin, which spares the expensive first step of chemical or mechanical pre-treatment to enlarge the substrate surface. The main advantages of enzymatic conversion of chitin over conventional chemical methods are the biocompability and, more strikingly, the higher product specificity, product quality, and yield of the process. Products with a higher Mw due to no unspecific depolymerisation besides an exactly defined degree and pattern of acetylation can be yielded. This provides a new toolset of thousands of new chitin and chitosan derivatives, as the physio-chemical properties can be modified according to the desired application. This review aims to provide an overview of the biotechnological tools currently at hand, as well as challenges and crucial steps to achieve the long-term goal of enzymatic conversion of native chitin into specialty chemical products.

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Section: Physical Pretreatment Methods and Cos Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Modification of Native Chitin and Conversion to Specialty Chemical Products

Arnold

Brück²,

Garbe

et al. 2020

Marine Drugs

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“…Owing to these properties, DESs have various applications including organic synthesis, dissolution media, extraction processes, and materials chemistry [26]. Some DESs prepared from choline chloride and four organic acids have been evaluated for the extraction of chitin from lobster shell; among them, the purity of chitin extracted with choline chloride-malonic acid was the highest [27,28]. Furthermore, natural DESs (NADESs), which are composed of natural compounds, are sustainable, non-toxic, and biodegradable.…”

Section: Chemical and Biological Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Chitin Biomass: A Review

Zhou

Shen

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Chitin biomass, a rich renewable resource, is the second most abundant natural polysaccharide after cellulose. Conversion of chitin biomass to high value-added chemicals can play a significant role in alleviating the global energy crisis and environmental pollution. In this review, the recent achievements in converting chitin biomass to high-value chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), under different conditions using chitin, chitosan, glucosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine as raw materials are summarized. Related research on pretreatment technology of chitin biomass is also discussed. New approaches for transformation of chitin biomass to HMF are also proposed. This review promotes the development of industrial technologies for degradation of chitin biomass and preparation of HMF. It also provides insight into a sustainable future in terms of renewable resources.

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“…Chitin, which consists of poly-β-(1-4)n-acetyl-D-glucosamine, is the second most abundant biopolymer in nature after cellulose. It can be obtained from renewable marine sources (i.e., sponges) [1] as well as different feedstock, such as crustacean shells [2][3][4][5], spiders [6][7][8] and insect cuticles [6], and some cell walls of fungi and diatoms [9], in which it plays an important role in the skeleton of these biological structures. Chitin has many appealing characteristics, such as nontoxicity, sustainability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, and it has attracted notable attention during recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have been conducted to extract or optimize the extraction conditions of chitin from a variety of sources [3][4][5][6]22,23], but only few solvents can be used for dissolving or dispersing chitin for further processing [24]. However, when the size of chitin is reduced to nanoscale, it readily disperses in water under acidic or even neutral conditions [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Hydrolysis of Chitin in a Deep Eutectic Solvent Synergism for Production of Chitin Nanocrystals

et al. 2020

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A deep eutectic solvent (DES) derived from ferric chloride hexahydrate and betaine chloride (molar ratio of 1:1) was used as hydrolytic media for production of chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) with a high yield (up to 88.5%). The synergistic effect of Lewis acid and released Brønsted acid from betaine hydrochloride enabled the efficient hydrolysis of chitin for production of ChNCs coupled with ultrasonication with low energy consumption. The obtained ChNCs were with an average diameter of 10 nm and length of 268 nm, and a crystallinity of 89.2% with optimal synthesis conditions (at 100 °C for 1 h with chitin-to-DES mass ratio of 1:20). The ChNCs were further investigated as efficient emulsion stabilizers, and they resulted in stable o/w emulsions even at a high oil content of 50% with a low ChNC dosage of 1 mg/g. Therefore, a potential approach based on a DES on the production of chitin-based nanoparticles as emulsifiers is introduced.

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Versatile acid base sustainable solvent for fast extraction of various molecular weight chitin from lobster shell

Cited by 102 publications

References 47 publications

Enzymatic Modification of Native Chitin and Conversion to Specialty Chemical Products

Enzymatic Modification of Native Chitin and Conversion to Specialty Chemical Products

Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Chitin Biomass: A Review

Efficient Hydrolysis of Chitin in a Deep Eutectic Solvent Synergism for Production of Chitin Nanocrystals

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