Verbleib des15N nach einmaliger Verabreichung von markiertem Düngerstickstoff im DauerversuchEwiger Roggenbau Halle

Schliephake, Wilfried; Garz, J.; Stumpe, Hermann

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2624(199908)162:4<429::aid-jpln429>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…However, these reserves become plant-available only by limited mineralization (Schliephake et al, 1999). In comparison, N alone led to a significant yield decrease (compared to StI) only after two decades.…”

Section: Yields Of Rye Monoculturementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Kühn, 1901;Böhme, 1930;Scheffer, 1931;Schmalfuû, 1950;Garz, 1979;Stumpe et al, 1984Stumpe et al, , 1990. More recent studies have focused on nutrient dynamics (Schliephake et al, 1997(Schliephake et al, , 1999. The present article summarizes the long-term impacts of fertilization and rotation (rye, maize, and potato) on yields and soil organic matter (SOM) contents after 120 years with an emphasis on seeking reasons for yield variations over the course of the years by specific biometric methods (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The influence of fertilization and rotation on soil organic matter and plant yields in the long-termEternal Rye trial in Halle (Saale), Germany

Schmidt¹,

Warnstorff

Dörfel

et al. 2000

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Six forms of fertilizers and three rotations have been examined for 120 years in the ”︁Eternal Rye trial” in Halle (central German arid region, Haplic Phaeozem on sandy loess). Rank analysis, trend analysis and a new component model have been found to be suitable statistical methods to evaluate long‐term results without true replications. In this trial it was shown that mineral fertilization maintains like farmyard manuring the yield potential although at lower content of soil organic matter (SOM). Without fertilization, yield decline was greater with potato and silage maize than winter rye (Secale cereale L.). Deficiencies in N fertilization lead immediately, and in PK supply after more than 20 years, to a significant yield decrease which could be quickly compensated by full fertilization. Rye and maize monocultures also resulted in yield decreases. The establishing of new steady states in the turnover of SOM took about 50 years after changes in fertilization. Contrary to rye monoculture, both silage maize monoculture and potato alternating with winter rye caused considerable decomposition of SOM. According to analytical pyrolysis (Py‐FIMS and Py‐GC/MS), fertilization affects the SOM composition more than rotation. Without fertilization, a higher percentage of thermically stable SOM remained in comparison to the FYM soils. The introduction of potato into the rotation enhanced the content of easily decomposable SOM.

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Section: Yields Of Rye Monoculturementioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of fertilization and rotation on soil organic matter and plant yields in the long-termEternal Rye trial in Halle (Saale), Germany

Schmidt¹,

Warnstorff

Dörfel

et al. 2000

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…In ®eld and pot experiments it has been shown that microbial immobilization of fertilizer N can reduce N availability for winter cereals, which results in low fertilizer N eciency (Blankenau et al 2000). In addition, immobilized fertilizer N can be (re-)mineralized in post-harvest periods (autumn and winter) when crop N uptake is low, so that risk of nitrate leaching is increased (Engels and Kuhlmann 1993, Hart et al 1993, Schliephake et al 1999. New strategies are therefore required that reduce immobilization of fertilizer N and thereby reduce the risk of leaching of re-mineralized nitrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, immobilized fertilizer N can be (re‐)mineralized in post‐harvest periods (autumn and winter) when crop N uptake is low, so that risk of nitrate leaching is increased (Engels and Kuhlmann 1993, Hart et al. 1993, Schliephake et al. 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Crop Densities of Winter Wheat on Recovery of Nitrogen in Crop and Soil within the Growth Period

Blankenau

Olfs

2001

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Previous experiments have shown that, at harvest of winter wheat, recovery of fertilizer N applied in early spring [tillering, Zadok's growth stage (GS) 25] is lower than that of N applied later in the growth period. This can be explained by losses and immobilization of N, which might be higher between GS 25 and stem elongation (GS 31). It was hypothesized that a higher crop density (i.e. more plants per unit area) results in an increased uptake of fertilizer N applied at GS 25, so that less fertilizer N is subject to losses and immobilization. Dierent crop densities of winter wheat at GS 25 were established by sowing densities of 100 seeds m ±2 (S low ), 375 seeds m ±2 (S cfp common farming practice) and 650 seeds m ±2 (S high ) in autumn. The eect of sowing density on crop N uptake and apparent fertilizer N recovery (aFNrec N in fertilized treatments ) N in unfertilized treatments) in crops and soil mineral N (N min ), as well as on lost and immobilized N (i.e. non-recovered N N rate ) aFNrec), was investigated for two periods after N application at GS 25 [i.e. from GS 25 to 15 days later (GS 25 + 15d), and from GS 25 + 15d to GS 31] and in a third period between GS 31 and harvest (i.e. after second and third N applications). Fertilizer N rates varied at GS 25 (0, 43 and 103 kg N ha ±1 ), GS 31 (0 and 30 kg N ha ±1 ) and ear emergence (0, 30 and 60 kg ha ±1 ). At GS 25 + 15d, non-recovered N was highest (up to 33 kg N ha ±1 and up to 74 kg N ha ±1 at N rates of 43 and 103 kg N ha ±1 , respectively) due to low crop N uptake after the ®rst N dressing. Non-recovered N was not aected by sowing density. Re-mineralization during later growth stages indicated that non-recovered N had been immobilized. N uptake rates from the second and third N applications were lowest for S low , so non-recovered N at harvest was highest for S low . Although non-recovered N was similar for S cfp and S high , the highest grain yields were found at S cfp and N dressings of 43 + 30 + 60 kg N ha ±1 . This combination of sowing density and N rates was the closest to common farming practice. Grain yields were lower for S high than for S cfp , presumably due to high competition between plants for nutrients and water. In conclusion, reducing or increasing sowing density compared to S cfp did not reduce immobilization (and losses) of fertilizer N and did not result in increased fertilizer N use eciency or grain yields.

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50 Jahre organische und mineralische Düngung: Humusgehalte, N‐Ausnutzung und N‐Bilanzen

Walther

Weisskopf

Oberholzer

et al. 2001

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

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Verbleib des15N nach einmaliger Verabreichung von markiertem Düngerstickstoff im DauerversuchEwiger Roggenbau Halle

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of fertilization and rotation on soil organic matter and plant yields in the long-termEternal Rye trial in Halle (Saale), Germany

The influence of fertilization and rotation on soil organic matter and plant yields in the long-termEternal Rye trial in Halle (Saale), Germany

Effect of Different Crop Densities of Winter Wheat on Recovery of Nitrogen in Crop and Soil within the Growth Period

50 Jahre organische und mineralische Düngung: Humusgehalte, N‐Ausnutzung und N‐Bilanzen

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